HORMONAL REGULATION OF THE INSECT EPIDERMIS

昆虫表皮的激素调节

• 批准号: 6343080
• 负责人: LYNN M RIDDIFORD
• 金额: $ 28.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-01-01 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6343080
• 关键词: Manduca; autoradiography; decarboxylases; ecdysone; enzyme substrate; flow cytometry; gene expression; gene interaction; genetic manipulation; green fluorescent proteins; growth /development; hormone receptor; hormone regulation /control mechanism; immunocytochemistry; in situ hybridization; invertebrate cuticle; juvenile hormones; metamorphosis; molecular cloning; molting; nonmammalian vertebrate embryology; transcription factor; transfection

Our long-term goal is to understand how ecdysteroids and juvenile hormone (JH) act to coordinate insect growth and development. Ecdysteroids cause molting, both suppressing on-going intermolt gene expression and activating the cascade of genes necessary for the molt. Moreover, ecdysteroids are important for maintenance of tissue synchrony during the molt. JH determines whether the molt will be progressive or not; in its presence metamorphosis cannot occur. Thus, JH prevents ecdysteroid's activation of previously unexpressed genes that allow the cell to change its differentiated state. Our model for studying this action is the insect epidermis which makes the cuticle, i.e. the exoskeleton, and which is a single cell layer thick and can readily be cultured. Our specific aims for the next 5 years are: 1) To characterize the regulatory regions of the several larval cuticular genes and dopa decarboxylase and to study their possible interactions with ecdysteroid and JH receptors and/or the transcription factors that these hormones induce. 2) To clone, characterize, and study the hormonal control of a pupal-specific cuticle gene to complete our arsenal of epidermal genes that are hormonally regulated at metamorphosis. 3) To determine the role in molting and metamorphosis of the ecdysteroid-induced transcription factor ("RAR") that shows significant similarity to the mammalian retinoic acid receptor. 4) To examine possible changes in EcR subtypes in the epidermis through larval molting and metamorphosis by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry and how they are regulated by the hormonal milieu. These studies will allow us to define at the molecular level how ecdysteroids and JH regulate insect growth, molting, and metamorphosis. This information can lead to design of new types of insect growth regulators essential to the control of disease vectors. Also, emerging similarities between the actions of JH and of retinoic acid in the regulation of cell differentiation, particularly in mammalian epidermis, make the insect epidermis a possible nonvertebrate model for study of common mechanisms involved.

我们的长期目标是了解蜕皮激素和保幼激素是如何 (Jh)采取行动协调昆虫的生长和发育。蜕皮类固醇引起 蜕皮，既抑制正在进行的蜕皮基因表达，又激活 蜕皮所需的一系列基因。此外，蜕皮类固醇是 对在蜕皮过程中维持组织同步性很重要。JH 确定蜕皮是否进行；在其存在的情况下 不能发生蜕变。因此，JH防止蜕皮类固醇激活 以前未表达的基因，允许细胞改变其 分化状态。我们研究这一行为的模型是昆虫 形成角质层的表皮，即外骨骼，它是一种 单细胞层厚，易于培养。我们的具体目标是 接下来的5年是：1)确定 几种幼虫角质层基因和多巴脱羧酶的研究 可能与蜕皮激素和JH受体和/或 这些激素诱导的转录因子。2)克隆， 描述并研究一种蛹特异性角质层的激素控制 基因来完善我们的表皮荷尔蒙基因库 在变态时被调节。3)确定在蜕皮中的作用和 蜕皮激素诱导转录因子(RAR)的变态 显示出与哺乳动物维甲酸受体的显著相似之处。4) 通过幼虫检查表皮中ECR亚型的可能变化 蜕皮和变态的原位杂交和免疫细胞化学研究 以及它们是如何受荷尔蒙环境调节的。这些研究将 允许我们在分子水平上定义蜕皮类固醇和JH如何调节 昆虫的生长、蜕皮和变态。这些信息可能会导致 新型昆虫生长调节剂的设计与防治 疾病传播者。此外，JH和JH的行动之间正在出现相似之处 维甲酸在调节细胞分化中的作用，特别是在 哺乳动物的表皮，使昆虫的表皮可能成为非脊椎动物 用于研究所涉及的常见机制的模型。