Simulating value creation opportunities at inspection processes using digital twins

英国屠宰场肉类生产质量和安全保证的宰前和宰后检查规程载于食品标准局（FSA）官方控制手册的操作指南中。这些官方指南概述了官方兽医（OV）和肉类健康检查员（MHI）执行和提交宰前（AM）和宰后（PM）检查报告所使用的流程，资源和报告协议。然而，一组研究人员在《21世纪世纪屠宰场回顾》中指出，由于英国各屠宰场的生产量、加工品种和屠宰速度各不相同，FSA和食品商业组织（FBO）凭经验确定高效和有效的上午和下午检查程序的关键资源限制和关键绩效指标（KPI）有些挑战性。为了使FSA和FBO的检查员能够更有效、更准确地履行职责，必须深入了解对屠宰场内的检查效率、质量和安全审查有直接影响的流程功能和相关指标，这本身就是另一个挑战。然而，彻底的分析可以通过以下方式获得详细的工艺信息：（1）AM/PM关键控制点的工艺布局/配置要求的详细地图。(2)人力需求的详细地图和AM/PM检查的标准化操作协议以及OV的报告。(3)过程中KPI的详细概述以及AM/PM检查过程和报告的限制（4）可用技术干预的相对和绝对基准，可用于提高特定AM/PM检查的准确性和效率，而不仅仅是通过目视检查、触诊和内脏切口获得的。(5)评估过程能力，将推荐的技术干预纳入特定过程。虽然有空间通过成像技术、线上安装和手持式传感器技术、基于人工智能的故障检测等技术来增强现有的检查流程、例程和数据流。诊断技术和跟踪应用程序，重要的是，要沿着上述四个流程，对当前或现状的运行检查模式进行详细规划，以便：（a）简化的AM和PM检查（B）在处理量、物种和屠宰速度方面符合屠宰场的正确检查流程、资源和技术要求，以及（c）为正确布局的投资提供信息，过程或技术沿着人类和技术干预的正确组合，以迎来由FSA和FBO进行的21世纪屠宰场检查的时代。实际上，确定技术或过程干预对现有操作的影响是具有挑战性的。模拟已被用作支持数字技术，在引入新技术或流程之前，在无风险的虚拟环境中试验可能的创新。未来状态的确定需要验证该项目中开发的数字孪生模型，并确定其可行性。这将通过一系列用例来实现，其中将对当前状态进行建模并模拟未来案例，为数字孪生模型的开发提供一个很好的起点。

The ante-mortem and post-mortem inspection protocols for quality and safety assurance of meat production in UK abattoirs is set out in the operational guidelines of the Food Standard Agency's (FSA) manual for official controls. These official guidelines outline the processes, resources, and reporting protocols used by Official Veterinarians (OVs) and Meat Health Inspectors (MHI) to carry out and file both Ante-Mortem (AM) and Post-Mortem (PM) inspection reports. However, it has emerged from the "Review of 21st Century Abattoirs" by a team of researchers that due to variations in production throughputs, species processed, and kill-speeds across abattoirs in the UK, it is somewhat challenging for the FSA and Food Business Organisations (FBOs) to empirically determine the key resource constraints and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of efficient and effective AM and PM inspections routines. In order to enable inspectors from the FSA and FBOs to discharge their duties more efficiently and accurately, it is imperative to develop deeper insight into the process functionalities and relevant metrics that have direct implications for inspection efficiency, quality and safety scrutiny within abattoirs, which itself is another challenge. However, a thorough analysis is possible to obtain detailed process information through the following:(1) A detailed map of the process layout/configuration requirements of AM/PM critical control points.(2) A detailed map of the manpower requirements and standardised operating protocols for AM/PM inspections and reporting by OVs.(3) A detailed outline of in-process KPIs and constraints of AM/PM inspection processes and reporting (4) Relative and absolute benchmarking of available technology interventions that can be incorporated to improve the accuracy and efficiency of specific AM/PM inspections beyond what is obtainable from visual checks, palpations and offal incisions.(5) Evaluation of process capabilities to incorporate recommended technology interventions within a specific process.While there is scope to augment existing inspection processes, routines and data streams with technologies such as imaging technologies, line-mounted and hand-held sensor technologies, Artificial Intelligence-based fault detection and diagnostic technologies and track-and-trace applications, it is important to carry out a detailed map of the current or AS-IS operating inspection model along the four streams outlined above in order to:(a) standardise AM and PM inspections(b) match the right inspection process, resource and technology requirements to abattoirs by throughput, species and kill-speed, and(c) inform investment in the right layout, process or technology along with right combination of human and technology interventions to usher in an era of 21st century abattoir inspections by the FSA and FBOs.Practically, it is challenging to determine the effect of technology or process interventions on existing operations. Simulations have been used as a supporting digital technology to trial possible innovations in a risk-free virtual environment before introducing either a new technology or a process. Determination of the future-state requires the digital twin developed in this project to be validated and its viability to be determined. This will be achieved through a series of use-cases where the current state will be modelled and the future case simulated, providing an excellent starting point for the development of a digital twin.