CHANGING EATING PATTERNS TO MEET LOW FAT GOALS: DISC

（摘自申请人摘要） 儿童饮食干预研究（DISC）是一项由NHLBI资助的临床研究。 一项旨在测试饮食干预的有效性和安全性的试验， 降低8-10岁青春期前儿童的血清胆固醇水平， LDL胆固醇水平升高。 儿童被随机分配到干预组 饮食中28%的能量来自总脂肪，低于8%来自饱和脂肪， 脂肪，多不饱和脂肪高达9%，胆固醇低于75 mg/4200 kJ 日常或日常护理。 营养学家收集了三份24小时的召回报告 营养数据系统培训和认证 协调中心。 食物是根据饱和脂肪和胆固醇排名的 内容并分类为GO！Whoa！帮助购物和制作 外出就餐时的适当选择。 家庭接受教育， 可以选择的食物类型，以帮助实现研究目标，但 出现了各种各样的个体适应。 三年后，干预 一组降低总脂肪和饱和脂肪的平均膳食摄入量， 基线时的34%降至28.6%，血清LDL-C显著低于平时 0.09mmol/L（3.3mg/dL，p=.02）。 这些数据表明， 饮食行为，以达到目标营养水平，但量化 饮食模式、食物选择和准备技术的具体变化 需要进一步的编程和数据分析， 在这项研究中完成。 建议增加食物类别分析， 量化和比较组内和组间采用的特定食物选择。 通过使用GO！与哇！系统，饮食数据收集，从超过 6，000次召回将被配置为确定低脂肪与高脂肪食品的选择 在整个饮食模式中。 这将有助于更好地理解 关于在DISC中做出的自我选择的饮食改变， 坚持饮食的儿童，记录营养充足的水平， 在这一群体中实现，并为未来提供潜在的见解 在这个年龄段减少脂肪摄入的转化研究。

(Adapted from the applicant's abstract) The Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) is an NHLBI-funded clinical trial designed to test the efficacy and safety of a dietary intervention to reduce serum cholesterol levels in 8-10 year-old pre-pubertal children with elevated LDL cholesterol levels. Children were randomized to intervention with a diet that was 28% of energy from total fat, less than 8% from saturated fat, up to 9% from polyunsaturated fat and less than 75mg/4200kJ cholesterol per day or usual care. Three 24-hour recalls were collected by nutritionists trained and certified in the Nutrient Data System of the Nutrition Coordinating Center. Foods were ranked by saturated fat and cholesterol content and classified as GO! and WHOA! foods to help with shopping and making appropriate choices when eating out. Families were educated regarding the types of foods that could be selected to help achieve the study goals, but a variety of individual adaptions occurred. After three years, the intervention group lowered mean dietary intake of total and saturated fat from a mean of 34% at baseline to 28.6%, and serum LDL-C was significantly lower than usual care by 0.09mmol/L (3.3mg/dL, p=.02). These data illustrate adaptation of dietary behavior to achieve the goal nutrient levels, but quantifying the specific changes in eating patterns, food choices and preparation techniques requires further programming and data analyses than what has been already accomplished in this study. Proposed are additional food group analyses to quantify and compare specific food choices adopted within and between groups. By utilizing the GO! vs. WHOA! system, the dietary data collected from over 6,000 recalls will be configured to identify lower vs. higher fat food choices across the overall eating pattern. This will permit better understanding about the self-selected dietary changes that were made in DISC among those children who adhered to the diet, document the level of nutrient adequacy achieved among this cohort and provide potential insights for future translational studies on reduced fat eating in this age group.