FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM

体感系统的功能组织

• 批准号: 6393315
• 负责人: JON H KAAS
• 金额: $ 34.08万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1980
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1980-07-01 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6393315
• 关键词: Aotus; Macaca fascicularis; Saimiri; behavior test; brain mapping; calcium binding protein; cytochrome oxidase; developmental neurobiology; dorsal column; electrophysiology; gamma aminobutyrate; hand; immunocytochemistry; microelectrodes; motor cortex; nervous system regeneration; neural growth associated protein; neural information processing; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; peripheral nervous system; sensorimotor system; somesthetic sensory cortex

The proposed integrative, systems level somatosensory research addresses three major goals. 1) We will determine how the developing and mature somatosensory systems of primates reorganize after major losses of sensory afferents. In a preliminary study, we demonstrated that dorsal column lesions in monkeys result in a moderate to massive reorganization of somatosensory cortex. In a series of new experiments, branches of peripheral nerve afferents will be cut as they rise in the dorsal columns of the spinal cord, and reorganizations and mechanisms of reorganization will be studied at cortical and subcortical levels after complete or incomplete removals of hand afferents. Lesions in newborns are expected to lead to more extensive and possibly different recoveries. Partial sections are expected to lead to more rapid and more functional recoveries. Evaluation processing include state-of-the-art multisite recordings from chronically implanted microelectrodes. 2) Related experiments will investigate cortical organization after partial or complete lesions of hand cortex in area 3b. For both types of studies, the response properties of altered neurons, and behavioral impairments and recoveries will be evaluated. The roles of the growth of new connections and histochemical changes in recovery will also be studied. 3) We plan to advance our basic understanding of the functional organization of the somatosensory system of primates by determining the connections of two areas of somatosensory cortex, discovered in our laboratory, PV and VS, and compare these connections with those of other areas in the same animals. In addition, we will compare the chemorchitecture of somatosensory and motor cortex in monkeys, chimpanzees, and humans to help identify valid subdivisions of cortex in humans and reveal human specialization. These three types of studies will provide a) an understanding of the scope and mechanisms of plasticity in the developing and mature somatosensory system that can guide programs of therapy in humans, and b) a more detailed and comprehensive understanding of the organization of the somatosensory system in primates that is especially relevant to humans and as a guide for future research.

建议的综合，系统水平的体感研究解决三个主要目标。 1)我们将确定如何发展和成熟的灵长类动物的躯体感觉系统重组后，感觉传入的重大损失。 在一项初步研究中，我们证明了猴子的背柱损伤会导致体感皮层的中度到大规模重组。 在一系列新的实验中，周围神经传入的分支将被切断，因为它们在脊髓的背柱中上升，重组和重组机制将在皮质和皮质下水平进行研究，完全或不完全去除手传入后。 新生儿的病变预计将导致更广泛的和可能不同的恢复。 预计部分手术将导致更快和更多的功能恢复。评价处理包括来自长期植入微电极的最先进的多位点记录。2)相关实验将研究手部皮层3b区部分或完全损伤后的皮层组织。 对于这两种类型的研究，将评估改变的神经元的反应特性以及行为损伤和恢复。 还将研究新连接的生长和组织化学变化在恢复中的作用。 3)我们计划通过确定我们实验室中发现的两个躯体感觉皮层区域PV和VS的连接，并将这些连接与同一动物中其他区域的连接进行比较，来推进我们对灵长类动物躯体感觉系统功能组织的基本理解。 此外，我们将比较猴子、黑猩猩和人类的体感和运动皮层的化学结构，以帮助识别人类皮层的有效细分，并揭示人类的专业化。 这三种类型的研究将提供a）对发育和成熟的躯体感觉系统中可塑性的范围和机制的理解，这可以指导人类的治疗方案，以及B）对灵长类动物躯体感觉系统的组织的更详细和全面的理解，这与人类特别相关，并作为未来研究的指导。