REDUCT OF PLASMA HOMOCYST(E)INE LEVELS BY BREAKFAST CEREAL FORTIF W/ FOLIC ACID

美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)建议 谷类产品应添加叶酸，以防止 先天性神经管缺陷。自补充叶酸以来 降低血浆同型半胱氨酸或血浆总同型半胱氨酸，这是 在动脉闭塞疾病中经常升高，我们假设 强化叶酸可能会降低血浆同型半胱氨酸 级别。为了验证这一假设，我们评估了早餐的影响 强化了三种水平的叶酸的谷类食品，还含有 维生素B6和B12的推荐膳食摄入量 75例随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉试验 患有冠心病的男性和女性。血浆叶酸 血浆同型半胱氨酸(E)含量随剂量增加而相应降低。 早餐麦片中的叶酸含量。谷类食品提供127克 每天叶酸的摄入量，接近于每天增加的摄入量，可能 由于fda=S的富营养化政策，血浆叶酸增加 降低30.8%(P=0.045)，但血浆同型半胱氨酸仅下降3.7% (P=0.24)。然而，每天提供499克和665克叶酸的谷类 血浆叶酸分别增加64.8%(P&lt；0.001)和105.7%(P=0.001)； 使血浆同型半胱氨酸含量降低11%(P&lt；0.001)。 和14.0%(P=0.001)。强化叶酸的谷类食品 有可能提高血浆叶酸水平并降低 血浆同型半胱氨酸水平。还需要进一步的临床试验来 确定叶酸强化是否可以防止血管 疾病。在此之前，我们的研究结果表明，叶酸 高于FDA建议的水平的防御工事可能是 这是正当的。资助通用磨坊的出版物Malinow先生，Duell PB， Hess DL，Anderson PH，Kruger WD，Phillipson BE，GLuckman RA，Block PC， 厄普森BM。早餐降低血浆同型半胱氨酸水平 叶酸强化谷类食品在冠心病患者中的应用 疾病。中华医学杂志，338：1009-1015.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended that cereal-grain products be fortified with folic acid to prevent congenital neural-tube defects. Since folic acid supplementation reduces plasma homocyst(e)ine, or plasma total homocysteine, which is frequently elevated in arterial occlusive disease, we hypothesized that folic acid fortification might reduce plasma homocyst(e)ine levels. To test this hypothesis, we assessed the effects of breakfast cereals fortified with three levels of folic acid, and also containing the recommended dietary allowances of vitamins B6 and B12, in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial in 75 men and women with coronary artery disease. Plasma folic acid increased and plasma homocyst(e)ine decreased proportionately with the folic acid content of the breakfast cereal. Cereal providing 127 ?g of folic acid daily, approximating the increased daily intake that may result from the FDA=s enrichment policy, increased plasma folic acid by 30.8% (P=0.045) but decreased plasma homocyst(e)ine by only 3.7% (P= 0.24). However, cereals providing 499 and 665 ?g folic acid daily increased plasma folic acid by 64.8% (P< 0.001) and 105.7% (P= 0.001), respectively, and decreased plasma homocyst(e)ine by 11% (P< 0.001) and 14.0% (P= 0.001), respectively. Cereal fortified with folic acid has the potential to increase plasma folic acid levels and reduce plasma homocyst(e)ine levels. Further clinical trials are required to determine whether folic acid fortification may prevent vascular disease. Until then, our results suggest that folic acid fortification at levels higher than that recommended by the FDA may be warranted. FUNDING General Mills PUBLICATIONS Malinow MR, Duell PB, Hess DL, Anderson PH, Kruger WD, Phillipson BE, Gluckman RA, Block PC, Upson BM. Reduction of plasma homocyst(e)ine levels by breakfast cereal fortified with folic acid in patients with coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 338:1009-1015, 1998.