TRANSPORT AND BIODEGRADATION OF TOXIC ORGANICS IN BIOFILMS

描述（摘自应用程序） 本研究的总体目标是了解 土壤生物修复系统中的降解机制. 超级基金网站。确定生物膜在场地生物修复中的作用 被有毒有机物污染，如多环芳烃 （多环芳烃）是设计更有效的处理系统的关键。我们提出 阐明用于修复土壤的土壤生物膜的特性 并开发工程生物膜工艺， 提高生物利用度和生物降解动力学。调查结果还应 适用于其它有毒有机物的生物修复。主要目的是 对土壤中生物膜的作用有一个基本的了解 生物修复系统，在生物膜的生长和结构方面的作用 生物膜的质量运输到生物膜微生物负责 污染物的生物降解。这项研究的一个特别突出的方面是， 它不仅解决了单个化合物的生物修复问题， 也包括具有一定范围毒性的有毒化合物的混合物。本研究 将包括土壤生物膜特性的定义， 生物膜外聚合物基质在运输营养物和污染物 生物膜微生物或延缓其运动， 创新的PAH生物修复工艺，最大限度地发挥 土壤生物膜具体目标包括：（1）评估非生物和生物 多环芳烃在土壤中的归宿，包括吸附/解吸动力学、分布 系数和生物降解;（2）表征的物理结构， 土壤生物膜生长在有毒有机物的存在下，使用光， 共聚焦扫描激光显微镜，化学特性的 利用微电极技术研究了生物膜中多环芳烃的分布和多样性 降解生物膜中的微生物;（3）确定 用Microtox和诱变性试验对土壤中多环芳烃进行解毒 （4）开发创新的土壤修复系统， 脉冲注入养分或形成土壤生物墙。

DESCRIPTION (Taken from application) The overall goal of this research is to gain an understanding of the transport and degradation mechanisms involved in soil bioremediation systems at Superfund sites. Determining the role of biofilms in bioremediation of sites contaminated with toxic organics, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is crucial to designing more efficient treatment systems. We propose to elucidate the properties of soil biofilms used to remediate soils contaminated with PAHs and to develop engineered biofilm processes that enhance bioavailability and biodegradation kinetics. The findings should also be applicable to bioremediation of other toxic organics. The primary intent is to develop a fundamental understanding of the role of biofilms in soil bioremediation systems, in terms of biofilm growth and structure and the role of the biofilm on mass transport to the biofilm microorganisms responsible for the contaminant biodegradation. A particularly salient aspect of this research is that it will address not only bioremediation of individual compounds, but also mixtures of toxic compounds with a range of recalcitrance. This research will include definition of soil biofilm characteristics, the role of the biofilm exopolymer matrix in transporting nutrients and contaminants to biofilm microorganisms or in retarding their movement, and development of innovative PAH bioremediation processes that maximize the useful properties of soil biofilms. Specific aims include: (1) assessing the abiotic and biotic fates of PAHs in soils, including sorption/desorption kinetics, distribution coefficients and biodegradation; (2) characterizing the physical structure of soil biofilms growing in the presence of toxic organics using light and confocal scanning laser microscopy, the chemical characteristics of the biofilms using microelectrodes, and the distribution and diversity of PAH degrading microorganisms in the biofilm; (3) determining the degree of detoxification of PAHs in soils using Microtox and mutagenicity testing procedures; and (4) developing innovative soil remediation systems utilizing either pulsed injection of nutrients or creation of a soil biowall.