CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY IN ADVENTISTS--A LOW RISK GROUP

复临信徒的癌症流行病学——低风险群体

• 批准号: 6291498
• 负责人: GARY E. FRASER
• 金额: $ 258.96万
• 依托单位: LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-25 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6291498
• 关键词: African American; body physical activity; breast neoplasms; calcium; cancer risk; caucasian American; clinical research; colon neoplasms; dietary lipid; flavones; folate; human subject; meat; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; nutrition aspect of cancer; nutrition related tag; prostate neoplasms; religious group; soybeans; tomato; vegetables

This application describes a planned cohort study of 80,000 white and 45,000 black adult Seventh-day Adventists, enrolled from across the U.S. Questions not easily addressed by other study populations, can be answered. Taking advantage of the unusual dietary habits of Adventists, the special focus of this application is an association between soy intake, calcium intake, and cancers of the breast, prostate and colon. About half of black and white Adventists consume similar quantities of soy to that used in China or Singapore. Adventists also have a wide variance in intake of calcium. The increasing use of soy and calcium supplements by the American population needs further evidential support. Another strength of the proposed research is the proven ability to enroll and follow a large and cooperative cohort of black Adventists. The very high incidence and mortality ascribed to prostate cancer in black men may be associated with their dietary habits. Subjects will be enrolled church by church using a pretested plan whereby institutional media and respected members at individual churches promote the study. Subjects will complete a comprehensive questionnaire which is already developed and pretested. Cancer surveillance during follow-up will be by matching with state tumor registries where possible, matching with the National Death Index, and by obtaining and coding hospitalization records as necessary. Calibration studies in both black and white Adventists will allow bias correction. We believe that it is important to also gather blood, urine and subcutaneous fat from the subjects, and have a largely pretested plan to accomplish this. This will be further tested for feasibility at a location away from Loma Linda during Year 0 1 of the present study. The Adventist population has been cooperative with epidemiologic research for many years and has some unusual strengths as a research population, including the virtual absence of confounding by tobacco and alcohol, the wide range of dietary habits and the widespread use of soy products. They have made important contributions to the understanding of diet and chronic disease in the past. This larger study will provide much greater statistical power, more accurate and documented exposure assessment, and will also include a large cohort of black Adventists.

这个应用程序描述了一个计划中的队列研究，其中包括来自美国各地的8万名成年白人和4.5万名成年黑人基督复临信徒。其他研究人群不容易解决的问题，可以得到回答。利用基督复临信徒不寻常的饮食习惯，这个应用程序的特别重点是大豆摄入量、钙摄入量与乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结肠癌之间的关系。大约一半的黑人和白人基督复临信徒食用的大豆数量与中国或新加坡相当。基督复临信徒在钙的摄入量上也有很大的差异。美国人越来越多地使用大豆和钙补充剂，这需要进一步的证据支持。这项拟议研究的另一个优势是，它被证明有能力招募和跟踪一个庞大的、合作的黑人复临信徒群体。黑人前列腺癌的高发病率和死亡率可能与他们的饮食习惯有关。受试者将通过预先测试的计划，由机构媒体和各个教会的受人尊敬的成员促进研究，逐个教会登记。受试者将完成一份全面的调查问卷，该问卷已经开发并预先测试过。随访期间的癌症监测将尽可能与州肿瘤登记处相匹配，与国家死亡指数相匹配，并在必要时获取住院记录并对其进行编码。黑白复临教徒的校准研究将允许偏差校正。我们认为，收集受试者的血液、尿液和皮下脂肪也很重要，并有一个很大程度上预先测试的计划来完成这项工作。在本研究的第01年期间，将在远离洛马林达的地点进一步测试其可行性。复临信徒多年来一直与流行病学研究合作，作为一个研究群体，他们有一些不同寻常的优势，包括几乎没有烟草和酒精的干扰，饮食习惯的多样性和豆制品的广泛使用。他们在过去对饮食和慢性疾病的理解做出了重要贡献。这项规模更大的研究将提供更大的统计力量，更准确的记录在案的暴露评估，还将包括一大批黑人基督复临信徒。