NEUROIMAGING, AUDIOLOGY, PSYCHOACOUSTICS

神经影像学、听力学、心理声学

• 批准号: 6587588
• 负责人: Robert D Frisina
• 金额: $ 23.07万
• 依托单位: ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-05-01 至 2003-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6587588
• 关键词: age difference; aging; audiometry; auditory cortex; auditory reflex; auditory stimulus; biological signal transduction; brain electrical activity; clinical research; evoked potentials; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; noise biological effect; positron emission tomography; presbycusis; psychoacoustics; sensorineural hearing loss; sound frequency; young adult human (21-34)

The first task of this project is to recruit human subjects required for the Program Project. The second is to audiologically characterize representative samples of human of young and old subjects with normal hearing and hearing losses who will undergo comparative experiments in psychoacoustics, evoked potentials, reflex behavior, and positron emission tomography. The third aim is to evaluate age-related changes in the psychophysics of temporal processing, the processing of signal in noise, and binaural processing in humans. Initial gap detection studies have demonstrated age-related slowing in auditory temporal processing in older adults with essentially normal peripheral sensitivity. Also, we have shown that processing speed decreases disproportionately as the complexity of the stimulus configuration increases. This suggests that age-related changes occur at multiple sites throughout the central auditory nervous system and that additional, disproportionately large, decrements in processing will be revealed with binaural processing is required. Our fourth aim is to utilize Positron Emission Tomography (PET)) to investigate the functional changes that occur in the central auditory system as a result of aging and presbycusis. We propose a detailed series of experiments to separate the effects of aging from high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). In addition, we plan to investigate the functional neuroanatomy of abnormally rapid loudness growth ("recruitment") and abnormal sound localization, two impairments which are associated with age and SNHL. We will do so by determining the relationship between the intensity of an external tone and the degree of activation in the auditory cortex and how this relationship is affected by aging and by age-related SNHL. We will pursue the question of how high- frequency SNHL affects the cortical frequency-place map in old subjects. And we will conduct experiments to determine how binaural sound cues involved in sound localization are processed by the cerebral cortex and to determine the effect aging and high-frequency SNHL have on binaural processing.

该项目的第一个任务是招募人类受试者 程序项目。第二个是听力学的特征 人类的代表性样本，是正常的老年人和老年受试者 听力和听力损失将在 心理声学，诱发潜力，反射行为和正电子发射 断层扫描。第三个目的是评估与年龄相关的变化 时间处理的心理物理学，噪声中信号的处理， 和人类的双耳加工。最初的差距检测研究具有 在老年人的听觉时间处理中证明了与年龄相关的减慢 具有基本正常外周灵敏度的成年人。另外，我们已经表明 随着复杂性，该处理速度降低了 刺激配置增加。这表明与年龄有关 整个中央听觉紧张的多个站点发生变化 系统和额外的，不成比例的大，减少了 需要通过双耳处理来揭示处理。我们的 第四目的是利用正电子发射断层扫描（PET） 研究中央听觉中发生的功能变化 由于衰老和长期的系统。我们提出了一个详细的系列 实验以将衰老的影响与高频分开 感官听力损失（SNHL）。此外，我们计划调查 异常快速响度生长的功能性神经解剖学 （“招聘”）和异常声音本地化，两种障碍 与年龄和SNHL有关。我们将通过确定 外音的强度与程度之间的关系 听觉皮层的激活以及这种关系如何受到 衰老和与年龄有关的SNHL。我们将提出一个问题，即 频率SNHL影响旧受试者的皮质频率位图。 我们将进行实验，以确定双耳声音线索 参与声音定位的脑皮质和TO处理 确定衰老效果和高频SNHL对双耳的影响 加工。