Aerobic Exercise and Cholesterol: A Meta-Analysis

描述(申请人提供)：心脏病和脑血管疾病 是美国第一和第三大致死原因， 占每年所有死亡人数的88.7万人(38%)。总的直接 并估计了与心血管疾病相关的间接成本 每年3266亿美元。血脂和脂蛋白水平异常，是一种常见的 这个问题在超过1亿(约20%)的美国成年人中存在， 会增加心脏病发作的风险，而且 脑血管疾病。而药物干预可以帮助控制 成人血脂和脂蛋白水平异常的争论仍在继续 药物干预的效果，因为有害的副作用和 成本。有氧运动是一种低成本的非药物干预措施，具有 几乎没有副作用，大多数公众都可以使用。因此， 有氧运动作为一种非药理学运动，一直受到人们的关注。 保持成人足够脂和脂蛋白水平的方法 关于这一主题的文献综述综合了使用 “传统”方法(按时间顺序安排和描述研究， 可能通过副标题)，这可能导致主观性的、不可复制的 结论。因此，总体影响的大小和方向，如 以及主体特征等变量之间的关系， 实验设计质量、培训计划特点，以及它们如何 对血脂和脂蛋白水平的影响，目前尚不清楚。 荟萃分析是一种汇集不同研究结果的方法。这是一个 提高主要终点统计能力的定量方法 和分组，解决研究不一致时的不确定性，改进估计 效果大小，以及回答不是在个人开始时提出的问题 审判。到目前为止，还没有一项最新的研究进行详细的、定量的 关于有氧运动的作用的现有文献综述如下 非药物干预/或改善血脂和脂蛋白水平 成年人。在这个拟议的项目中，将使用元分析方法来 综合研究整体效应的大小以及 有氧运动相关变量与血脂及血脂的关系 成人的脂蛋白水平。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are the first and third leading causes of mortality in the United States, accounting for 887,000 (38 percent) of all deaths annually. The total direct and indirect costs associated with cardiovascular disease have been estimated at $326.6 billion each year. Abnormal lipid and lipoprotein levels, a common problem among more than 100 million (about 20 percent), of American adults, have been associated with an increased risk for heart attack and cerebrovascular disease. While pharmacologic intervention can help to control abnormal lipid and lipoprotein levels in adults, a debate continues over the efficacy of pharmacologic interventions because of deleterious side effects and costs. Aerobic exercise is a low-cost, nonpharmacologic intervention that has few side effects and is available to most of the general public. Consequently, there has been a continued interest in aerobic exercise as a nonpharmacologic approach for maintaining adequate lipid and lipoprotein levels in adults Recent reviews of literature on this topic have synthesized research using the "traditional" approach (chronologically arranging and describing the studies, perhaps by subtopic), which may result in subjective, nonreplicable conclusions. Consequently, the overall magnitude and direction of effect, as well as the relationships among such variables as subject characteristics, experimental design quality, training program characteristics, and how they contribute to changes in lipid and lipoprotein levels, is not clear. Meta-analysis is a method of pooling the results of separate studies. It is a quantitative approach for increasing statistical power of primary end points and subgroups, resolving uncertainty when studies disagree, improving estimates of effect sizes, and answering questions not posed at the start of individual trials. To date, no recent study has conducted a detailed, quantitative synthesis of the existing literature regarding the role of aerobic exercise as a nonpharmacologic intervention/or improving lipid and lipoprotein levels in adults. In this proposed project, the meta-analytic approach will be used to synthesize research on the overall magnitude of effect as well as the relationships among variables associated with aerobic exercise and lipid and lipoprotein levels in adults.