The future governance of marine common pool resources: towards a governance framework for offshore carbon

海洋环境提供了一系列共同的资源，包括渔业和“蓝”碳。人们对后者的治理产生了兴趣（托马斯，2014年），目前没有任何气候条约、协定或机制解决这一问题（Luisetti等人，2015）。然而，在另一种共同资源-渔业-的管理和治理方面，无论是在理论上还是在实践中，都有更多的了解。这些是动态的（鱼类在地理上有不同的苗圃和产卵场;在不同的地区捕获），并且经常受到国际政治不确定性的影响，例如，在英国“脱欧”投票的情况下，但不仅如此。了解渔业治理和管理如何可能受到新政策格局的影响，对于科学家、政治家和从业人员至关重要，以便更详细、更深入地管理作为共同资源的渔业。评估渔业治理和管理的未来可能的选择将使，创新，借鉴其他共同池资源的管理，如“蓝”碳（可以被隔离和存储在不同的司法管辖区）。本研究将解决的问题：-哪些关键因素影响渔业管理和治理下的政治不确定性？是否存在身体，文化，管辖权上的差异？- 在不同的政策情景下，对渔业管理有何影响？- 这些为治理和管理“蓝色”碳带来了哪些机会？第一年：学生将对渔业管理和相关的“蓝色”碳方面进行批判性审查，研究现有的生物物理和经济模型，旨在为“蓝色”共同池资源的政策和管理提供信息。这将通过与Defra或其他环境部/部门的主要政策利益相关者以及与所选案例研究相关的相关机构的互动来了解，以确保工作反映渔业和“蓝色”碳管理的主要考虑因素和不确定性，使研究具有意义和影响力。研究可以集中在英国和欧洲的沃茨，或更远的地方（如太平洋地区）的不确定性条件提供了探索这些问题的机会，具有广泛的适用性世界各地。这将导致确定和了解影响渔业管理的关键因素，并确定可能作为研究重点的个案研究。第二年和第三年：学生将a）根据第一年进行的审查工作，在政治不确定性条件下创建不同的政策情景，模拟典型的“蓝色”公共资源（例如渔业）管理; B）在与关键利益相关者的讨论中测试和评估这些情景（例如专家启发-例如奥尼尔等人，（2008年）;（c）提出政策建议，以管理现有的（如渔业）和新兴（例如蓝碳）在政治不确定性条件下的“蓝色”共同池资源。学生和监督团队将在整个项目期间密切联系，该项目旨在使学生能够探索具有国家和国际相关性的新兴领域，重点明确，使想法和方法得到检验。监督团队在海洋生态系统经济评估和环境治理方面拥有丰富的专业知识。

The marine environment provides a range of common pool resources, including fisheries and 'blue' carbon. Interest is developing on the governance of the latter (Thomas, 2014), which is currently not addressed by any climate treaty, agreement or mechanism (Luisetti et al., 2015). However, much more is known - theoretically and practically - about the management and governance of another common pool resource, fisheries. These are dynamic (fishes have geographically diverse nursery and spawning grounds; are caught in different territories) and often subject to conditions of international political uncertainty, for example, in the case of the UK 'Brexit' vote, but not only. Understanding how fisheries governance and management may be affected by unravelling new policy landscapes is of vital importance to scientists, politicians and practitioners, for a more detailed and in-depth approach to their future management as common pool resources. Assessing possible future options for fisheries governance and management will enable, innovatively, to draw lessons for the management of other common pool resources such as 'blue' carbon (which can be sequestered and stored in different jurisdictions).Questions this study will address:- Which key factors affect fisheries management and governance under political uncertainty? Are there physical, cultural, jurisdictional differences? - What are the implications for fisheries management under different policy scenarios? - What opportunities do these bear for the governance and management of 'blue' carbon?First year: the student will conduct a critical review of fisheries management, and related 'blue' carbon aspects, looking at existing biophysical and economic models aimed to inform policy and management of 'blue' common pool resources. This will be informed by interaction with key policy stakeholders in Defra or other ministry/department for the environment and associated agencies relevant to the chosen case-study, to ensure the work reflects the main considerations and uncertainties around management of fisheries and 'blue' carbon, enabling the research to be meaningful and impactful. The research can focus on UK and European waters, or further afield (e.g. Pacific regions) where conditions of uncertainty provide the opportunity to explore such issues, with wide applicability world-wide. This will result in the identification and understanding of key factors affecting fisheries management, and the identification of possible case studies as research foci. Second and third year: the student will a) create different policy scenarios modelling an exemplar 'blue' common pool resource (e.g. fisheries) management under conditions of political uncertainty, based on the review work undertaken in the first year; b) test and evaluate these scenarios in discussion with key stakeholders (e.g. expert elicitation - e.g. O'Neill et al., 2008); c) deliver policy recommendations for governing existing (e.g. fisheries) and emerging (e.g. blue carbon) 'blue' common pool resources under conditions of political uncertainty.Student and supervisory team will liaise closely throughout the duration of the project, which has been designed to enable the student to explore an emerging area of national and international relevance, with a clear focus, enabling the testing of ideas and methods. The supervisory team has extensive expertise in economic evaluation of marine ecosystems and environmental governance.