DIESEL PARTICLE EXPOSURE AND LUNG CANCER

描述：柴油废气颗粒物具有高度可呼吸性，具有致突变性和 致癌化合物吸附在它们的表面。基于以下结果： 在老鼠身上的实验室研究和在人类身上的有限证据，国际 癌症研究机构将柴油尾气归类为可能的人类 1989年发现致癌物质。然而，对过去流行病学研究的解释 由于缺乏柴油接触的直接衡量标准和 后续行动的年限不足。我们已经确定了一个独特的全国队列 1985年雇用了55750名长期卡车运输公司工人。我们建议 进行广泛的暴露评估并评估暴露的关联性 到2000年，柴油尾气与肺癌死亡率之间的关系。美国的卡车运输业 自20世纪50年代初以来，车队一直包括柴油车。因此，有以下几种 卡车运输公司工人，接触时间长，至少20年 从第一次曝光起。我们将使用暴露评估的结果， 以及污染和卡车登记的外部数据库，以开发 柴油机尾气暴露量的预测模型及分类 暴露水平。该模型将包括现成的因素 在公司的职称、终端特征等人事记录中 暴露水平可以与个别员工联系在一起。我们将评估 持续暴露、累积暴露和暴露持续时间。我们将使用结果 从邮寄给所有现有员工的调查问卷中控制潜在的 吸烟使人困惑。在这次追溯的后续行动中，我们将有80个 检测相对风险的百分比为1.25。这一大群人提供了一个 发现(或驳斥)所暗示的致癌作用的独特机会 基于动物毒理学和有限的流行病学研究的柴油废气。 此外，由于这些工人的接触范围包括 与普通人群类似，这些发现将与 了解柴油排放导致肺癌的总体人群风险，以及 其他空气细颗粒物污染。

DESCRIPTION: Diesel exhaust particles are highly respirable with mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds adsorbed on their surface. Based on results from laboratory studies in rats and limited evidence in humans, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified diesel exhaust as a probable human carcinogen in 1989. However, the interpretation of past epidemiologic studies has been limited due to lack of direct measures of diesel exposure and insufficient years of follow-up. We have identified a unique national cohort of 55,750 long-term trucking company workers employed in 1985. We propose to conduct an extensive exposure assessment and assess the association of exposure to diesel exhaust with lung cancer mortality through 2000. The US trucking fleet has included diesel vehicles since the early 1950s. Therefore, there are trucking company workers with long duration of exposure and at least 20 years since first exposure. We will use the results from the exposure assessment, along with external databases of pollution and truck registrations, to develop a prediction model for diesel exhaust exposure and form categorical groupings of exposure levels. The model will include factors that are readily available in company personnel records such as job title and terminal characteristics so that exposure levels can be linked to the individual employees. We will assess ever-exposure, cumulative and duration of exposure. We will use the results from a questionnaire mailed to all current workers to control for potential confounding by smoking. In this retrospective follow-up, we will have 80 percent power to detect a relative risk of 1.25. This large cohort provides a unique opportunity to detect (or refute) suggested carcinogenic effects of diesel exhaust based on animal toxicology and limited epidemiologic studies. Furthermore, since the range of exposure in these workers includes levels similar to the general population, the findings will be relevant to understanding general population risk of lung cancer from diesel emissions and other fine particulate air pollution.