The Effects of Jumping on Growing Bones

跳跃对骨骼生长的影响

• 批准号: 6803181
• 负责人: CHRISTINE M SNOW
• 金额: $ 19.22万
• 依托单位: OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-18 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6803181
• 关键词: bone density; bone development; bone imaging /visualization /scanning; caucasian American; clinical research; diet; disease /disorder prevention /control; elementary school; exercise; femur; hip; human subject; human therapy evaluation; longitudinal human study; middle childhood (6-11); normal ossification; nutrition related tag; osteoporosis; photon absorptiometry; questionnaires; spine

Fractures related to osteoporosis continue to grow at an alarming rate, despite advances in bone biology and pharmaceutical treatment. The situation suggests the need for bold, new strategies for both the treatment and the prevention of osteoporosis. To be successful, such strategies must be based in a sound understanding of the relevant biological mechanisms and sufficiently simple and low cost to be applicable on a national scale to a broad segment of the population. Given that: 1) peak bone mass is an important determinant of fracture risk in later life; 2) up to 40 percent of peak bone mass can be influenced by environmental factors such as exercise and diet; and 3) childhood and prepubescence are the most critical time periods for skeletal mineralization, we conducted during the previous funding period what we believe to be the first randomized controlled study investigating the effects of a highly specific jumping program on bone mass in pre-pubertal children. We showed that 7 months of high-impact loading from jumping off two foot boxes was both safe and effective and resulted in 4.5 percent and 3.1 percent (p less than 0.01) increases compared to controls in bone mineral content (BMC) at the hip and spine, respectively. Moreover, after an additional 7 months of detraining, jumpers maintained a 4 percent greater femoral neck BMC (p less than 0.05). After detraining, the group differences at the spine, although positive, were not statistically significant. The exercise program was simple, practical and low cost enough so that it could be incorporated into elementary school physical education curricula. In this competitive renewal, we now propose to build on and extend these findings by determining: 1) if two sequential, 7-month high- impact jumping interventions can be used to increase bone mass even further; 2) if the increases in bone mass are again maintained after detraining; and 3) if the increases in bone mass observed in the subjects studied during the previous funding period continue to be maintained through puberty and into adolescence. As we have done previously, we will measure ground impact forces from jumping in individual subjects both early and late in the intervention, with the advantage now that dual force plates can be used to determine forces in each leg. Given the relatively stable nature of the Corvallis population, we believe that our program represents a valuable and unique resource for the long-term study of exercise effects in the developing skeleton. We also believe our program can serve as a model for exercise-based interventions that might be implemented successfully on regional and even national levels. Thus, if we continue to produce and maintain practically important and structurally significant increases in bone mass at the hip and spine in growing children, we believe we will have taken an important step toward the bold new strategies that are needed if we are to reverse the continued increases in the numbers of age- related fractures.

尽管骨生物学和药物治疗取得了进展，但与骨质疏松症相关的骨折仍以惊人的速度增长。 这种情况表明，需要大胆的，新的战略，治疗和预防骨质疏松症。 要取得成功，这些战略必须基于对相关生物机制的正确理解，而且必须足够简单和低成本，以便在全国范围内适用于广大人口。 鉴于：1）峰值骨量是晚年骨折风险的重要决定因素; 2）高达40%的峰值骨量可能受到环境因素的影响，如运动和饮食; 3）儿童期和青春期前是骨骼矿化的最关键时期，我们在上一个资助期间进行了我们认为是第一个随机对照研究，调查高度特异性跳跃的影响，关于青春期前儿童骨量的项目。 我们发现，7个月的高冲击负荷从两个脚盒跳下既安全又有效，并导致4.5%和3.1%（p <0.01）增加相比，在髋关节和脊柱的骨矿物质含量（BMC），分别。 此外，在另外7个月的停止训练后，跳高运动员的股骨颈BMC保持在4%以上（p <0.05）。 停训后，脊柱的组间差异虽然为正，但无统计学显著性。 该运动方案简单、实用、成本低，可纳入小学体育课程。 在这个竞争性的更新中，我们现在建议通过确定：1）是否可以使用两个连续的，7个月的高冲击跳跃干预来进一步增加骨量; 2）骨量的增加是否在停止训练后再次保持;以及3）如果在上一个资助期内研究受试者中观察到的骨量增加持续到青春期并进入青春期。 正如我们之前所做的那样，我们将在干预的早期和后期测量单个受试者跳跃产生的地面冲击力，现在的优势是可以使用双力板来确定每条腿的力。 鉴于科瓦利斯人口的相对稳定的性质，我们相信我们的计划是一个宝贵的和独特的资源，为长期研究运动对骨骼发育的影响。 我们还相信，我们的计划可以作为一个模式，以运动为基础的干预措施，可能会成功地实施在区域，甚至国家一级。 因此，如果我们继续在成长中的儿童中产生和维持具有实际意义和结构意义的髋关节和脊柱骨量增加，我们相信我们将朝着大胆的新策略迈出重要一步，如果我们要扭转年龄相关骨折数量的持续增加，就需要这些新策略。