Population Database for the United States in 1880

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案旨在为1880年的美国人口数据库继续提供资金。在过去的三年里，明尼苏达州人口中心对1880年人口普查中所有5000万美国人的基本人口特征进行了清理、编辑和编码。虽然这个数据库涵盖了1880年的全部人口，但它并不包括所有的人口普查变量。为了利用这些数据的研究潜力，我们现在对数据库提出两项改进：1。我们将在1880年10%的非西班牙裔白色人口样本和20%的包含黑人、美洲印第安人、中国人和西班牙裔的家庭样本中，添加缺失的关于健康、教育、就业、非家庭关系和婚姻的信息。完成的样本将为570万人提供信息。在过去十年中，随着数据存储和处理成本的迅速下降，学者们越来越多地利用大型人口普查样本的力量。包括1880年人口普查收集的所有信息在内的10%的样本将为大规模人口变化分析提供基线。1880年人口普查所载的卫生信息特别宝贵，因为它提供了任何国家现有的最早的具有全国代表性的详细发病率说明。这些数据将在关键的流行病学转变开始时对发病率提供前所未有的深入了解。它们将使研究人员能够衡量公共卫生措施和医疗技术的长期变化的影响，并评估在缺乏有效医疗的情况下环境因素对健康的影响。2.我们将利用新的记录链接和数据挖掘技术，从1860年，1870年，1900年和1910年的人口普查到1880年的人口普查中创建个人和家庭群体的关联代表性样本。这些具有代表性的关联样本将为研究人员提供前所未有的机会，对工业发展早期阶段的社会和地理流动性以及家庭转型进行个人层面的分析。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks continuation funding for the Population Database of the United States in 1880. Over the past three years, the Minnesota Population Center has cleaned, edited, and coded records describing basic demographic characteristics of all fifty million Americans enumerated by the Census of 1880. Although this database covers the entire 1880 population, it does not include all census variables. To exploit the research potential of these data, we now propose two improvements to the database: 1. We will add the missing information on health, education, employment, non-family relationships, and nuptiality to a ten-percent sample of the 1880 non-Hispanic white population and a twenty-percent sample of households containing blacks, American Indians, Chinese, and Hispanics. The completed sample will provide information for 5.7 million persons. With the rapid decline in data storage and processing costs during the past decade, scholars are increasingly capitalizing on the power of large census samples. A ten percent sample including all the information collected by the 1880 population census will provide a baseline for large-scale analysis of demographic change. The health information contained in the 1880 census is especially valuable, since it provides the earliest detailed nationally representative account of morbidity available for any country. These data will provide unparalleled insight into morbidity at the beginning of a key epidemiological transition. They will allow researchers to gauge the impact of long-run changes in public health measures and medical technology and to assess the impact of environmental factors on health in the absence of effective medical treatment. 2. We will take advantage of new record-linkage and data-mining technology to create linked representative samples of individuals and family groups from the censuses of 1860, 1870, 1900, and 1910 to the 1880 census. These representative linked samples will provide unprecedented opportunities for researchers to carry out individual-level analyses of social and geographic mobility and family transitions in the early stages of industrial development.