Context Violation in Depression

抑郁症中的语境违规

• 批准号: 7115926
• 负责人: PHAN LUU
• 金额: $ 23.74万
• 依托单位: ELECTRICAL GEODESICS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7115926
• 关键词: bias; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain mapping; clinical depression; clinical research; coping; electroencephalography; emotions; expectancy; human subject; learning; negative reinforcements; patient oriented research; perceptual distortions; performance

Although modern neuroimaging studies have further our understanding of depression by identifying the key corticolimbic structures involved in depression, a gap remains in our understanding of how these biological findings translate to the observed negative appraisal biases shown to be associated with depression. In this application we propose to clarify the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying negative cognitive biases. We start with an operational definition of expectancy violation and we detail how these violations are measured electrophysiologically. A model, derived from the animal learning and human action monitoring literatures, is proposed in which affective evaluation of expectancy violations can be used to understand cognitive biases associated with depression. This model is fundamentally a model of self-regulation that emphasizes regulatory processes such as context updating and evaluation of expectancy violations in the process of learning. It is the intrinsic biases associated with evaluation of expectancy violations that can be used to understand the depressed person's cognitive biases. The aims of the present proposal build upon our current work, which relates the neural mechanisms of context and action evaluation to depression. We propose to study the relation between electrophysiological measures of expectancy violations and depression severity and their effects on learning. We also propose to study the consequence of successful therapy on cognitive biases associated with depression, as indexed by electrophysiological measures. Additionally, we propose to study how the depressive symptoms, major dimensions of negative and positive cognitive biases, and coping dimensions associated with depression map onto the corticolimbic structures underlying evaluative appraisals of expectancy violations. Successful completion of the proposed work will produce some of the first evidence relating well recognized biases of depression, which are the targets of cognitive-behavioral therapy, with neural mechanisms underlying self-regulatory processes. The results will also have implications for understanding treatment failures and successes, and for dealing with what may be a lawful set of relations between depression severity, evaluative biases, and engagement versus disengagement of negative feedback from the environment.

虽然现代神经影像学研究通过识别与抑郁症有关的关键皮质边缘结构，进一步加深了我们对抑郁症的理解，但我们对这些生物学发现如何转化为与抑郁症相关的负面评价偏见的理解仍然存在差距。在这个应用程序中，我们建议澄清负性认知偏见的神经生理机制。我们从违反预期的操作定义开始，我们详细介绍了如何测量这些违规行为的电生理。基于动物学习和人类行为监测的相关文献，提出了一个模型，该模型可以用来理解与抑郁症相关的认知偏差。这个模型从根本上说是一个自我调节的模型，它强调调节过程，如学习过程中的环境更新和对违反预期的评价。这是内在的偏见与评估的期望违反，可以用来理解抑郁症患者的认知偏差。本建议的目的是建立在我们目前的工作，这涉及到的背景和行动评估抑郁症的神经机制。我们建议研究期望违背的电生理措施和抑郁严重程度之间的关系及其对学习的影响。我们还建议研究与抑郁症相关的认知偏差的成功治疗的后果，通过电生理措施。此外，我们建议研究如何抑郁症状，消极和积极的认知偏见的主要方面，以及应对与抑郁症相关的维度映射到皮质边缘结构潜在的评价性评估的预期违反。成功完成拟议的工作将产生一些第一批证据，这些证据将公认的抑郁症偏见与自我调节过程的神经机制联系起来，抑郁症是认知行为治疗的目标。这些结果也将对理解治疗的失败和成功，以及处理抑郁症严重程度、评估偏差和参与与脱离环境负反馈之间的关系产生影响。