Neural Interactions Among Multiple Motor Structures

描述(由申请人提供)： 运动结构之间的相互作用如何有助于选择和执行协调的眼、头和手的运动？本项目通过一系列5个相互关联的项目来解决这个问题：项目1，凝视控制中的脑干-小脑相互作用(Freedman，PI)，询问顶核的吻部和尾部区域如何在目标性凝视转移期间以一系列可能的组合来协调眼睛和头部的运动。项目2，耳石介导的结肠反射的空间相互作用(Gdowski，PI)研究了在线性全身平移过程中，前庭核团和颈部运动神经元池之间的相互作用如何稳定头部。项目3，皮质纹状体网络中的相互作用(Lee，Pi)，询问前额叶皮质和纹状体之间的神经相互作用如何结合选择和奖励历史，从离散的备选方案中选择下一个运动。项目4，运动控制中的基底节-皮质相互作用(Mink，PI)询问苍白球内侧部与初级运动皮质和辅助运动区的相互作用如何抑制姿势和允许运动，或当替代选择正确时抑制优势运动。项目5，运动选择中的前移除器交互作用(Schieber，Pi)，询问腹侧运动前皮质头部和手臂表示之间的交互如何有助于离散地选择看的方向，使用哪只手，以及拿着哪个目标。 与传统的逐一比较所研究结构的功能的方法不同，本项目将提高对多个运动结构之间的神经相互作用如何产生无缝协调的运动行为的理解，这些行为受到在不同行为背景下做出的选择的影响。这种对运动系统的更好的了解可以导致改善康复治疗，并改善中风和头部创伤等疾病造成的神经系统损伤后的功能恢复。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): How do interactions among motor structures contribute to the selection and execution of coordinated eye, head and hand movements? The present program addresses this question with a series of 5 inter-related projects: Project 1, Brainstem-Cerebellar Interactions in Gaze Control (Freedman, PI), asks how the rostral and caudal regions of the fastigial nucleus interact to coordinate eye and head movements in a continuum of possible combinations during targeted gaze shifts. Project 2, Spatial Interaction of Otolith Mediated Collic Reflexes (Gdowski, PI) asks how interactions between the vestibular nuclei and cervical motoneuron pools stabilize the head during linear whole-body translation. Project 3, Interactions in the Corticostriatal Network (Lee, PI), asks how neural interactions between the prefrontal cortex and the striatum incorporate choice and reward history to select the next movement from discrete alternatives. Project 4, Basal Ganglia - Cortical Interactions in Motor Control (Mink, PI) asks how interactions of the globus pallidus, pars interna, with the primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area, suppress posture and permit movement, or suppress a prepotent movement when an alternative choice is correct. Project 5, Premotor Interactions in Motoric Choices (Schieber, PI), asks how interactions between the head and arm representations of the ventral premotor cortex contribute to discrete choices of which direction to look, which hand to use, and which target to take. Rather than taking the traditional approach of comparing the function of structures studied one at a time, the present program will improve understanding of how seamlessly coordinated motor behavior, influenced by choices made in various behavioral contexts, emerges from the neural interactions among multiple motor structures. Such an improved understanding of the motor system can lead to improved rehabilitative treatment, and improved functional recovery after nervous system injury from diseases such as stroke and head trauma.