Observation of Performance

绩效观察

基本信息

批准号：
10405570
负责人：
MARC H SCHIEBER
金额：
$ 42.76万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-15 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Mirror neurons constitute a distinct class of neurons in that their firing rates are modulated both during performance and during observation. We will investigate three aspects of mirror neuron physiology. First, given that mirror neurons are thought to mediate understanding of another individual’s actions, in Aim 1 we ask if mirror neuron activity during observation differs depending on whether or not the individual performing the movement is of the same species. We hypothesize H1A – that mirror neuron activity is modulated more when the observing subject watches an individual from the same species than when the performer is from a different species. Furthermore, we hypothesize H1B – that communication between a conspecific performer and observer enhances observation-related activity. Second, although most studies of mirror neurons have focused on modulation during movement per se, our preliminary studies suggest that mirror neuron populations represent entire sequences of multiple behavioral epochs, including epochs during which no movement occurs. In Aim 2 we ask whether mirror neuron populations represent behavioral epochs other than the movement per se. We hypothesize: H2A – that mirror neurons are modulated during separate instruction and/or preparatory periods; H2B – that mirror neuron populations represent entire sequences of multiple behavioral epochs whether the subject is performing or observing; and H2C – that the representation of behavioral epoch sequences is similar during performance and observation in mirror neuron populations from the ventral or dorsal premotor cortex, but different in those from the primary motor cortex. Third, we introduce the novel notion that i) condition-dependent modulation of mirror neuron activity related to the location to which the arm must reach and to the object the hand must grasp is dissociable experimentally from ii) condition-independent modulation that represents the sequence of behavioral epochs. In Aim 3 we ask whether inactivation of the parietal reach region (PRR) and/or the anterior intraparietal area (AIP) reduces or eliminates condition-dependent information in the premotor and motor cortex, while leaving condition- independent modulation relatively unchanged. We hypothesize: H3A – that during observation, inactivation of PRR and/or AIP will reduce or eliminate the location- and/or object-related modulation, respectively, of mirror neuron populations, H3B – while leaving the condition-independent modulation relatively unchanged.

项目摘要/摘要镜像神经元构成了不同类别的神经元，因为它们的发射速率在性能和观察期间。我们将研究镜像神经元生理的三个方面。第一的，鉴于镜像神经元被认为可以调解对另一个人的行为的理解，因此在AIM 1我们询问观察差异期间的镜像神经元活动是否取决于是否执行个人运动是同一物种的。我们假设H1a - 镜像神经元活动的调节更多当观察主题观看来自同一物种的人比表演者来自同一物种的人不同的物种。此外，我们假设H1B - 概念表演者之间的交流观察者增强了与观察相关的活性。第二，尽管大多数镜像神经元的研究都有我们的初步研究专注于运动本身的调制，表明镜像神经元种群代表了多个行为时期的整个序列，包括时期运动发生。在AIM 2中，我们询问镜像神经元种群是否代表行为时代其他比动作本身。我们假设：H2a - 那个镜像神经元在单独的指导和/或准备期； H2B - 那个镜像神经元的种群代表了整个序列多个行为时期是受试者的表演还是观察；和H2C - 表示行为时期序列在性能期间相似，并且在镜像神经元种群中观察从腹侧或背侧前皮层，但在主要运动皮层的腹侧皮层中不同。第三，我们介绍了新的概念，即i）与条件依赖的镜像神经元活动的调制手臂必须到达的位置，并且手必须掌握的对象可以从实验中解散 ii）代表行为时期序列的无关调制。在目标3中，我们问顶叶区域（PRR）和/或前室内区域（AIP）的失活是否减少或消除前依赖条件的信息和运动皮层中的信息，同时留下条件 - 独立调制相对不变。我们假设：H3A - 在观察期间，灭活期间 PRR和/或AIP将分别减少或消除镜像的位置和/或对象相关的调制神经元种群H3b - 同时离开条件无关的调制相对不变。