Hemispheric Lateralization for Audiovocal Communication

音声交流的半球偏侧化

• 批准号: 7070670
• 负责人: Stuart D Washington
• 金额: $ 2.89万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7070670
• 关键词: Chiroptera; auditory cortex; auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; cerebral dominance; electrostimulus; microelectrodes; neural information processing; neuropsychology; predoctoral investigator; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neural mechanisms that underlie hemispheric lateralization for speech perception have not been definitively studied, despite the widely proclaimed importance of this phenomenon. Previous neurophysiological data indicate that species-specific communication sounds or 'calls' are asymmetrically represented in the Doppler-shifted Constant Frequency (DSCF) processing area of the primary auditory cortex of mustached bats. I propose to study inhibitory synaptic mechanisms that may create or shape an asymmetry in the responses to calls of cortical neurons on the right versus the left side. First, I will use frequency modulated (FM) sweeps of different slopes and bandwidths to determine the dynamic response areas on the right versus the left side. Second, for each side, I will compare responses of DSCF neurons to calls and FM stimuli before and after pharmacological removal of inhibition at the recording site. Third, in a few neurons, I will test the previously proposed hypothesis that hemispheric interactions contribute to hemispheric inequalities in call responsiveness. For these experiments, I will pair electrical stimulation of the right side with call stimuli and test if the application of BMI at the recording site on the left side reverses this effect.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管人们广泛宣称这种现象的重要性，但语音感知半球偏侧化背后的神经机制尚未得到明确研究。先前的神经生理学数据表明，特定物种的交流声音或“叫声”在小胡子蝙蝠初级听觉皮层的多普勒频移恒定频率（DSCF）处理区域中不对称地呈现。我建议研究抑制性突触机制，该机制可能会造成或形成对右侧与左侧皮质神经元的呼叫反应的不对称性。首先，我将使用不同斜率和带宽的调频 (FM) 扫描来确定右侧与左侧的动态响应区域。其次，对于每一侧，我将比较在药物消除记录位点抑制之前和之后 DSCF 神经元对呼叫和 FM 刺激的反应。第三，在一些神经元中，我将测试之前提出的假设，即半球相互作用导致半球在呼叫响应方面的不平等。对于这些实验，我会将右侧的电刺激与呼叫刺激配对，并测试在左侧记录部位应用 BMI 是否可以逆转这种效果。