MILK SUPPLEMENTATION AND PEDIATRIC METABOLIC SYNDROME

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。在过去的几十年里，有超重和肥胖风险的儿童人数有所增加。正如在成人中观察到的那样，儿童超重和肥胖与疾病风险增加和生活质量下降有关。超重儿童中有很大一部分患有胰岛素抵抗，血压升高，脂质浓度异常。高乳制品和钙的摄入量最近被认为与成年人体重较低有关。 在拟议的研究计划中，我们打算招募超重的儿童谁也胰岛素抵抗。本研究中的儿童通常每天摄入一份牛奶。然而，在16周的研究期间，一半的儿童将被要求用4份牛奶，1份调味低脂牛奶和3份脱脂牛奶代替他们所有的日常卡路里饮料。另一半的孩子将被要求用一份脱脂牛奶和三份水果饮料来代替他们每天所有的卡路里饮料。在研究开始和结束时测量儿童的体重、身高、腰围和臀围。他们的身体成分也将通过磁共振成像（MRI）测量，并在这些时间点进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）。此外，在开始时和第4、8、12和16周，将采集血样以测量葡萄糖、胰岛素、脂质，测量血压，并进行生物电阻抗分析（BIA）试验以评估体脂百分比和去脂质量。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The number of children at risk of overweight and obese has increased in the past decades. As observed in adults, overweight and obesity in children are associated with increased risk of diseases and decreased quality of life. A high proportion of overweight children is insulin resistant and has elevated blood pressure and abnormal lipid concentrations. High dairy and calcium consumption have recently been linked to lower body weight in adults. In the proposed research plan, we intend to recruit overweight children who are also insulin resistant. Children included in this study will typically consume one serving of milk per day. However, during the 16 week study period, half of the children will be asked to replace all of their daily caloric beverages with 4 servings of milk, one flavored low-fat and 3 plain skim milk. The other half of the children will be asked to replace all of their daily caloric beverages with one serving of plain skim milk and 3 servings of fruit drink. The children's body weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences will be measured at the beginning and at the end of the study. Their body composition will also be measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) will be done at these time points. Also, at the beginning and at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16 blood samples will be taken to measure glucose, insulin, lipids, , blood pressure will be measured and a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) test will be done to assess percent body fat and fat-free mass.