Impact of sleep and meal timing on food intake regulation.

睡眠和进餐时间对食物摄入调节的影响。

• 批准号: 8903546
• 负责人: MARIE-PIERRE ST-ONGE
• 金额: $ 68.17万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8903546
• 关键词: Affect; American; Area; Basal metabolic rate; Beds; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological Assay; Blood specimen; Brain; Brain region; Calculi; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical; Controlled Study; Desire for food; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotions; Energy Metabolism; Food; Food Intake Regulation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Genes; Glucose tolerance test; Goals; Health; Hormonal; Hormones; Hour; Hydrocortisone; Hyperphagia; Individual; Inpatients; Insula of Reil; Insulin Resistance; Intake; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Jet Lag Syndrome; Leptin; Life Style; Measurement; Measures; Melatonin; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Motivation; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Obesity; Observational Study; Organ; Overweight; Participant; Pattern; Periodicity; Peripheral; Phase; Play; Prevalence; Property; Protocols documentation; Randomized; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Relative (related person); Reporting; Rewards; Role; Sampling; Satiation; Side; Sleep; Sleep Wake Cycle; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Travel; Visual; Weight maintenance regimen; Woman; Work; blood glucose regulation; brain metabolism; circadian pacemaker; diabetes risk; energy balance; fast food; feeding; fruits and vegetables; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide; hypocretin; improved; increased appetite; insulin sensitivity; interest; men; neuropeptide Y; novel; obesity risk; prevent; research study; response; social; sugar; sweetened beverage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will be the first intervention study to test whether late sleep and meal timing leads to positive energy balance and insulin resistance. Individuals who sleep and eat late into the day are at increased risk of obesity and metabolic disorders. Studies, including our own, have shown that sleep restriction enhances food intake but there is also increasing evidence that sleeping during the daytime hours, without sleep curtailment, may induce overeating and increase insulin resistance (IR). However, studies of late sleep timing are limited to observational studies and confounded by differences in sleep duration. Neuropeptides that stimulate appetite such as neuropeptide Y (NPY) and hypocretin-1 also entrain the sleep-wake cycle and activate brain reward areas. We have previously shown that reducing sleep duration activates brain reward areas, such as the insula and orbitofrontal cortex. Since eating is a strong external time keeper, altering the alignment of sleep and meal times is likely to cause changes in hormones that will also affect energy balance regulation. The goal of the proposed study is to determine whether sleeping and/or eating late in the day has negative consequences for weight management and IR. The proposed study will test the hypothesis that sleeping and eating late in the day will increase food intake, enhance the rewarding properties of food, produce a hormonal profile indicative of enhanced appetite and reduced satiety, as well as IR compared to eating and sleeping at earlier times. This will be assessed by measuring food intake at an ad libitum test meal and over a 24-h period, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI; neuronal responses to food; food salience), measurements of appetite-regulating hormones (NPY, hypocretin-1, leptin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1), and frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test and meal tolerance test (IR). Thirty-eight overweight men and women will be recruited to participate in a 4-phase inpatient study. Phases will differ in the timing of sleep: normal (Ns; 0000-0800 h) or late (Ls; 0330-1130 h) and alignment of meals (Nm=meals at 1, 5, 11, and 12.5 h after awakening; Lm=meals at 4.5, 8.5, 14.5, and 16 h after awakening). All 4 combinations will be tested: Ns/Nm, Ns/Lm, Ls/Nm, and Ls/Lm. Measurements will be taken after 3 d of the sleep/meal protocol. Blood samples will also be assayed melatonin and cortisol as markers of circadian rhythm. This proposed study, which will manipulate sleep timing and meal timing, is important because it will provide information on the mechanism by which sleep and meal patterns affect obesity and diabetes risk, independent of sleep duration. It will also help explain the greater prevalence of obesity/diabetes in shift workers, those affected by jetlag/social jetlag, and breakfast skippers. As such, the proposed study will be a stepping stone in the establishment and assessment of lifestyle recommendations or therapies that affect hormone and metabolite rhythmicity to prevent the adverse health effects associated with sleeping and eating late during the day.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将是第一项干预研究，以测试晚睡和进餐时间是否会导致正能量平衡和胰岛素抵抗。那些晚睡晚食的人患肥胖症和代谢紊乱的风险会增加。包括我们自己在内的研究表明，睡眠限制会增加食物摄入量，但也有越来越多的证据表明，在白天睡觉，而不减少睡眠，可能会导致暴饮暴食，增加胰岛素抵抗（IR）。然而，关于晚睡时间的研究仅限于观察性研究，并受到睡眠持续时间差异的混淆。刺激食欲的神经肽，如神经肽Y（NPY）和下丘脑泌素-1也参与睡眠-觉醒周期并激活大脑奖励区域。我们之前已经证明，减少睡眠时间会激活大脑的奖励区域，比如大脑皮层和眶额皮层。由于饮食是一个强大的外部时间管理者，改变睡眠和用餐时间的一致性可能会导致激素的变化，这也会影响能量平衡调节。拟议研究的目标是确定一天中睡得晚和/或吃得晚是否对体重管理和IR有负面影响。拟议研究将测试一天中睡得晚和吃得晚会增加食物摄入量的假设，增强食物的奖励特性，产生指示食欲增强和饱腹感降低的激素分布，以及IR相比，吃和睡在早期的时间。这将通过测量随意试验餐和24小时内的摄食量、功能性磁共振成像（fMRI;神经元对食物的反应;食物显著性）、食欲调节激素（NPY、下丘脑泌素-1、瘦素、生长激素释放肽、胰高血糖素样肽1）的测量以及频繁采样的静脉葡萄糖耐量试验和膳食耐量试验（IR）进行评估。将招募38名超重男性和女性参与4期住院研究。睡眠时间的阶段将有所不同：正常（Ns; 0000 - 0800 h）或晚（Ls; 0330 - 1130 h）和进餐时间（Nm =醒来后1、5、11和12.5 h进餐; Lm =醒来后4.5、8.5、14.5和16 h进餐）。将测试所有4种组合：Ns/Nm、Ns/Lm、Ls/Nm和Ls/Lm。将在睡眠/进餐方案3天后进行测量。还将分析血液样本中的褪黑激素和皮质醇，作为昼夜节律的标志物。这项拟议中的研究将操纵睡眠时间和用餐时间，这很重要，因为它将提供有关睡眠和用餐模式影响肥胖和糖尿病风险的机制的信息，而不依赖于睡眠时间。这也将有助于解释肥胖/糖尿病在轮班工作者、受时差/社交时差影响的人和不吃早餐的人中的更高患病率。因此，拟议的研究将成为建立和评估影响激素和代谢物节律的生活方式建议或疗法的垫脚石，以防止与白天晚睡和晚吃相关的不良健康影响。

项目成果

Meal Timing and Frequency: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

• DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000476
• 发表时间: 2017-02-28
• 期刊: Circulation
• 影响因子: 37.8
• 作者: St-Onge MP;Ard J;Baskin ML;Chiuve SE;Johnson HM;Kris-Etherton P;Varady K;American Heart Association Obesity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Stroke Council
• 通讯作者: American Heart Association Obesity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Stroke Council