MILK OR FRUIT DRINK SUPPLEMENTATION AND ENERGY BALANCE

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。最近的研究表明，儿童肥胖的增加与纯糖饮料的消费之间存在联系，但对这一观察结果的机制解释却很少。这个研究项目的主要目的是确定，对于超重儿童，长期补充4份牛奶/天或1份牛奶+ 3份水果饮料/天是否会导致食物热效应，底物氧化，以及餐后或牛奶或水果饮料的食物摄入量的差异。年龄在8至10岁之间的儿童将被招募参加一项研究牛奶摄入量对体重影响的资助项目（irb# X040910003）。孩子们将在16周的减肥、饮料补充期结束时进行能量消耗测量。孩子们将被要求在一夜禁食后的早晨来到GCRC。休息30分钟后，测量基础代谢率30分钟。然后，孩子们将被提供一顿早餐，包括牛奶或水果饮料，这取决于他们在父母研究中随机接受的治疗。能量消耗测量将在饮用饮料后的5.5小时内恢复。每小时，代谢车（Delta-Trac）的通风罩将在儿童头上放置30分钟。从代谢车中获取的数据将用于使用de Weir方程计算能量消耗。在5.5小时的测量期结束时，给孩子们一顿饭，并要求他们尽可能多地吃所提供的食物，以使他们感到舒适。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Recent research has proposed a link between the rise in childhood obesity and sugar-only beverage consumption, yet mechanistic explanation for this observation is sparse. The main objective of this proposed research project is to determine whether, in overweight children, prolonged supplementation with 4 servings of milk/d or 1 serving of milk and 3 servings of fruit drink/d leads to differences in thermic effect of food, substrate oxidation, and food intake after a meal or either milk or fruit drink. Children between the ages of 8 and 10 who are participating in a funded project to examine the role of milk intake in weight (IRB# X040910003) will be recruited to participate in this study. Children will undergo the energy expenditure measurements at the end of the 16-wk weight loss, beverage supplementation period. Children will be asked to come to the GCRC the morning after an overnight fast. After resting for a period of 30 min, basal metabolic rate will be measured for 30 min. Children will then be provided with a breakfast meal consisting of either milk or fruit drink, depending on the treatment they were randomized to in the parent study. Energy expenditure measurements will then resume for a period of 5.5 h following beverage consumption. At each hour, the ventilated canopy of the metabolic cart (Delta-Trac) will be placed over the child's head for a period of 30 min. Data retrieved from the metabolic cart will be used to calculate energy expenditure using de Weir's equation. At the end of the 5.5 h measurement period, children will be given a meal and asked to consume as much as they want of the foods provided to feel comfortably full.