HIV/AIDS Prevention Program Archive Update/Augmentation

描述（申请人提供）：艾滋病毒感染和预防的趋势正在发生变化。尽管越来越多的预防工作显示出效果，但妇女和有色人种在艾滋病毒阳性人群中所占的比例仍然不成比例。虽然直到最近预防工作的重点还是艾滋病毒阴性者，但人们越来越认识到也需要针对艾滋病毒阳性者。艾滋病毒研究人员和从业人员还将注意力转向“结构性干预”（例如，政策和法律、组织程序、媒体运动、环境干预）的潜力，以与目前针对个人或小团体的“行为干预”产生协同效应。拟议的项目将为艾滋病毒预防专业人员提供关键资源，促进获取、复制和重新评估有效的行为和结构性艾滋病毒预防干预措施。这些资源将更新和增强社会计量学现有的艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防计划档案（HAPPA），这是一个广泛传播的复制工具包，用于针对艾滋病毒阴性成人的有效行为预防计划。具体来说，该项目将：首先，通过（新的）针对艾滋病毒阴性和阳性成年人的有效行为干预计划来增强HAPPA，特别是针对妇女和有色人种的计划；其次，开发3种创新资源来补充HAPPA——(1)一个基于研究的项目适应工具包，包括一个用于HAPPA工具包的定制版本和一个用于从其他地方获得的有效项目的独立版本；(2)有效结构性干预纲要，其中包括经验验证的结构性干预的内容和发现；(3)在线干预选择资源，帮助用户识别适合当地环境和目标人群的经验验证的行为和结构干预。在第一阶段，将由一个科学家专家小组确定和选择有效的干预措施，并与其开发人员签署协议，以获取、包装和传播这些干预措施。所有产品的原型都将被开发出来，并将由艾滋病预防专业人员进行可用性测试。拟议的研究将为艾滋病毒预防专业人员开发基于科学的资源，帮助他们适当地选择、调整、实施和评估已经证明有效的艾滋病毒预防干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Trends in HIV infection and prevention are changing. Although a growing number of prevention efforts have demonstrated efficacy, women and people of color still represent a disproportionate percentage of HIV-positive persons. While prevention has until recently focused on HIV-negative persons, the need to also target HIV-positives is increasingly being recognized. HIV researchers and practitioners are also turning attention to the potential of "structural interventions" (e.g., policies and laws, organizational procedures, media campaigns, environmental interventions) to have synergistic effects with the prevailing "behavioral interventions" that target individuals or small groups. The proposed project will provide HIV prevention professionals with key resources that facilitate access to, replication of, and re-evaluation of efficacious behavioral as well as structural HIV prevention interventions. These resources will update and augment Sociometrics existing HIV/AIDS Prevention Program Archive (HAPPA), a widely-disseminated collection of replication kits for efficacious behavioral prevention programs targeting HIV-negative adults. Specifically, the project will: first, augment HAPPA with (new) efficacious behavioral intervention programs for HIV-negative and-positive adults, particularly programs aimed at women and people of color; and, second, develop 3 innovative resources to complement HAPPA--(1) a research-based Program Adaptation Toolkit, including a customized version for use with HAPPA kits and a stand-alone version for use with efficacious programs acquired elsewhere; (2) a Compendium of Effective Structural Interventions that includes the content and findings of empirically-validated structural interventions; and (3) an Online Intervention Selection Resource to help users identify empirically- validated behavioral and structural interventions suited to their local context and target population. In Phase I, efficacious interventions will be identified and selected by a Scientist Expert Panel and Agreements signed with their developers to acquire, package, and disseminate them. Prototypes of all products will be developed and will undergo usability testing with HIV prevention professionals. The proposed research will develop science-based resources for HIV prevention professionals that will help them to appropriately select, adapt, implement, and evaluate HIV prevention interventions that have already demonstrated evidence of effectiveness.