Pilot--Breath Control during Lifting Tasks

飞行员——提升任务时的呼吸控制

• 批准号: 6997754
• 负责人: MARSHALL A HAGINS
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: LONG ISLAND UNIVERSITY BROOKLYN CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6997754
• 关键词: back injury; backache; biomechanics; body physical activity; data collection methodology /evaluation; human subject; injury prevention; mechanical stress; patient oriented research; psychomotor function; pulmonary respiration

Two percent of the US workforce has a compensable low back pain (LBP) injury each year with an estimated total annual cost exceeding $20 billion. Approximately 40% of those who report an occurrence of LBP on the job associate that injury with overexertion while lifting objects. There is a significant need for increased understanding of the mechanisms of lifting tasks in order to improve programs for injury reduction. Lifting injuries to the low back occur when mechanical stress exceeds the tolerance limits of the involved tissues thereby producing excessive motion between spinal segments. The ability to adequately stabilize the segments of the lumbar spine to prevent this excessive motion via coordinated muscular control is a common goal in low back exercise programs. As the musculature of the abdominal cavity contracts around the abdominal contents, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) increases and converts the abdomen into a "rigid cylinder" that has an increased stability compared to the multi-segmented ligamentous spine. Several studies suggest that increases in IAP increase lumbar stability. As the diaphragm forms the roof of the abdominal cavity, breath control can contribute to both respiration and IAP production. Breath control has been shown to be directly related to IAP production as well as to direct in-vivo measures of lumbar stability. The importance of coordination of the respiratory and motor systems during lifting tasks to achieve sufficient lumbar stability has been suggested by multiple authors, although there has been almost no study of natural breath control during lifting tasks exploring this issue. Increased understanding of the normal coordinative patterns of respiratory and motor systems may allow improved training methods in exercise programs for lumbar stability and contribute to both prevention and rehabilitation of low back pain due to lumbar instability. Specific Aim 1: Develop novel methods of data collection and analysis of breath control patterns during lifting tasks that can be used to determine if the timing, magnitude and direction of these patterns demonstrate theoretical support for lumbar stability at critical moments of mechanical challenge. Specific Aim 2: Determine the effects of different levels of challenge to lumbar stability (e.g., load, vertical height, horizontal distance) during lifting tasks on the breath control patterns in healthy normal subjects. Specific Aims 3: Determine the effects of different levels of challenge to lumbar stability (e.g., load, vertical height, horizontal distance) during lifting tasks on the breath control patterns in patients with intermittent mechanical low back pain. Specific Aim 4: Determine if the patterns of breath control during lifting tasks used by patients with intermittent mechanical low back pain differs when compared to breath patterns of normal subjects. The research we propose will provide the first complete descriptions of breath control during lifting tasks and will be the first to determine if significant differences in respiratory and motor system coordination exist between subjects with and without low back pain. This pilot project data will provide estimates of effect size that can be used in the design of larger related studies. This research has the potential to provide meaningful new information in the area of lifting tasks and low back pain and have direct applications in the area of lumbar stability training to prevent or reduce low back pain.

美国劳动力的2％每年都有可补偿的腰痛（LBP）伤害，估计总计 年成本超过200亿美元。大约有40％的人报告LBP在工作助理中发生 抬起物体时，由于过度劳累而受伤。人们需要增加对 提起任务的机制，以改善减少伤害的计划。 当机械应力超过相关组织的公差极限时，向下抬起伤害。 从而在脊柱段之间产生过度运动。充分稳定段的能力 腰椎通过协调的肌肉控制来防止这种过度运动是低腰锻炼的常见目标 程序。作为腹腔腹腔腹腔腹腔内腹腔内的肌肉，腹内 压力（IAP）增加并将腹部转化为“刚性圆柱体”，与 多段韧带脊柱。几项研究表明，IAP的增加增加了腰部稳定性。作为 隔膜形成腹腔的屋顶，呼吸控制可以导致呼吸和IAP产生。 呼吸控制已被证明与IAP的产生以及直接腰部措施直接相关 稳定。在举起任务期间，呼吸系统和运动系统协调以实现足够的重要性 尽管几乎没有自然呼吸的研究 在举起任务探讨此问题的过程中控制。增加对正常协调模式的理解 呼吸系统和运动系统可能允许改进锻炼计划的腰部稳定性和 由于腰部不稳定而导致预防和康复腰痛。 特定目的1：开发新的数据收集方法和提升任务期间呼吸控制模式的分析 可以用来确定这些模式的时间，大小和方向是否显示出理论支持 在机械挑战的关键时刻，腰部稳定性。 特定目标2：确定腰稳定性不同水平的影响（例如，负载，垂直高度， 水平距离）在健康正常受试者的呼吸控制模式上举起任务中。 特定目的3：确定腰稳定性不同挑战水平的影响（例如，负载，垂直高度， 水平距离）在呼吸控制模式的提升任务中，机械下背部的患者 疼痛。 特定目的4：确定间歇性患者使用的提升任务期间的呼吸控制模式是否 与正常受试者的呼吸模式相比，机械的腰痛有所不同。 我们提出的研究将在举起任务期间提供第一个完整的呼吸控制描述，将是 第一个确定呼吸系统和运动系统协调是否存在显着差异的受试者之间是否存在显着差异 并且没有下腰痛。此试点项目数据将提供效果大小的估计，可用于设计 较大的相关研究。这项研究有可能在提升任务领域提供有意义的新信息 和腰痛，并在腰部稳定训练领域有直接应用，以防止或减轻腰痛。