Pilot--Breath Control during Lifting Tasks

飞行员——提升任务时的呼吸控制

• 批准号: 6997754
• 负责人: MARSHALL A HAGINS
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: LONG ISLAND UNIVERSITY BROOKLYN CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6997754
• 关键词: back injury; backache; biomechanics; body physical activity; data collection methodology /evaluation; human subject; injury prevention; mechanical stress; patient oriented research; psychomotor function; pulmonary respiration

Two percent of the US workforce has a compensable low back pain (LBP) injury each year with an estimated total annual cost exceeding $20 billion. Approximately 40% of those who report an occurrence of LBP on the job associate that injury with overexertion while lifting objects. There is a significant need for increased understanding of the mechanisms of lifting tasks in order to improve programs for injury reduction. Lifting injuries to the low back occur when mechanical stress exceeds the tolerance limits of the involved tissues thereby producing excessive motion between spinal segments. The ability to adequately stabilize the segments of the lumbar spine to prevent this excessive motion via coordinated muscular control is a common goal in low back exercise programs. As the musculature of the abdominal cavity contracts around the abdominal contents, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) increases and converts the abdomen into a "rigid cylinder" that has an increased stability compared to the multi-segmented ligamentous spine. Several studies suggest that increases in IAP increase lumbar stability. As the diaphragm forms the roof of the abdominal cavity, breath control can contribute to both respiration and IAP production. Breath control has been shown to be directly related to IAP production as well as to direct in-vivo measures of lumbar stability. The importance of coordination of the respiratory and motor systems during lifting tasks to achieve sufficient lumbar stability has been suggested by multiple authors, although there has been almost no study of natural breath control during lifting tasks exploring this issue. Increased understanding of the normal coordinative patterns of respiratory and motor systems may allow improved training methods in exercise programs for lumbar stability and contribute to both prevention and rehabilitation of low back pain due to lumbar instability. Specific Aim 1: Develop novel methods of data collection and analysis of breath control patterns during lifting tasks that can be used to determine if the timing, magnitude and direction of these patterns demonstrate theoretical support for lumbar stability at critical moments of mechanical challenge. Specific Aim 2: Determine the effects of different levels of challenge to lumbar stability (e.g., load, vertical height, horizontal distance) during lifting tasks on the breath control patterns in healthy normal subjects. Specific Aims 3: Determine the effects of different levels of challenge to lumbar stability (e.g., load, vertical height, horizontal distance) during lifting tasks on the breath control patterns in patients with intermittent mechanical low back pain. Specific Aim 4: Determine if the patterns of breath control during lifting tasks used by patients with intermittent mechanical low back pain differs when compared to breath patterns of normal subjects. The research we propose will provide the first complete descriptions of breath control during lifting tasks and will be the first to determine if significant differences in respiratory and motor system coordination exist between subjects with and without low back pain. This pilot project data will provide estimates of effect size that can be used in the design of larger related studies. This research has the potential to provide meaningful new information in the area of lifting tasks and low back pain and have direct applications in the area of lumbar stability training to prevent or reduce low back pain.

每年有 2% 的美国劳动力遭受可赔偿的腰痛 (LBP) 伤害，估计总数 每年花费超过200亿美元。大约 40% 的人报告其同事患有 LBP 举起物体时用力过度造成的伤害。迫切需要加深对 提升任务的机制，以改进减少伤害的计划。 当机械应力超过相关组织的耐受极限时，就会发生腰部举重损伤 从而在脊柱节段之间产生过度运动。充分稳定各部分的能力 通过协调肌肉控制来防止腰椎过度运动是下背部锻炼的共同目标 程序。当腹腔的肌肉组织围绕腹腔内容物收缩时，腹腔内的 压力（IAP）增加，并将腹部转变为“刚性圆柱体”，与传统圆柱体相比，稳定性更高 多节韧带脊柱。多项研究表明，IAP 的增加可以提高腰椎稳定性。作为 横膈膜形成腹腔的顶部，呼吸控制有助于呼吸和腹内压的产生。 呼吸控制已被证明与 IAP 的产生以及腰椎的直接体内测量直接相关 稳定。在提升任务期间协调呼吸和运动系统以实现足够的重量的重要性 尽管几乎没有对自然呼吸的研究，但多位作者提出了腰部稳定性的建议 探索这个问题的起重任务期间的控制。增加对正常协调模式的理解 呼吸和运动系统可以改进锻炼计划中的训练方法，以提高腰部稳定性和 有助于预防和康复因腰椎不稳定引起的腰痛。 具体目标 1：开发举重任务期间呼吸控制模式的数据收集和分析的新方法 可用于确定这些模式的时间、幅度和方向是否证明有理论支持 在机械挑战的关键时刻保持腰部稳定性。 具体目标 2：确定不同级别的挑战对腰椎稳定性的影响（例如负载、垂直高度、 水平距离）在举重任务期间对健康正常受试者的呼吸控制模式的影响。 具体目标 3：确定不同级别的挑战对腰椎稳定性的影响（例如负载、垂直高度、 水平距离）在举重任务期间对间歇性机械性腰背患者呼吸控制模式的影响 疼痛。 具体目标 4：确定间歇性患者在举重任务期间是否使用呼吸控制模式 与正常受试者的呼吸模式相比，机械性腰痛有所不同。 我们提出的研究将首次提供举重任务期间呼吸控制的完整描述，并将 第一个确定患有以下疾病的受试者之间呼吸和运动系统协调是否存在显着差异 并且没有腰痛。该试点项目数据将提供可用于设计的效应大小的估计 更大规模的相关研究。这项研究有可能在举重任务领域提供有意义的新信息 和腰痛，并可直接应用于腰椎稳定性训练领域，以预防或减轻腰痛。