An image-guided neurosurgical workstation

图像引导神经外科工作站

• 批准号: 7214547
• 负责人: PAUL W GLIMCHER
• 金额: $ 10.65万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-15 至 2008-07-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7214547
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Arts; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain imaging; Brain region; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Diagnosis; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Equipment; Gambling; Goals; Health; Human; Image; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Memory; Mental disorders; Movement; Neurons; Neurosurgical Procedures; New York; Numbers; Obsessive compulsive behavior; Operating Rooms; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Paralysed; Patients; Perception; Process; Productivity; Prosthesis; Request for Proposals; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Safety; Standards of Weights and Measures; Structure; Support of Research; Surgeon; Technology; Universities; Work; brain research; cognitive function; implantation; instrument; nonhuman primate; programs; tool; vision development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The past several decades have seen great strides in understanding the neuronal mechanisms of higher cognitive function in the intact brain, but research in this area is still seriously limited by the challenge of precisely targeting brain structures. Magnetic resonance imaging provides detailed information about brain structure, but this technology needs to be properly integrated with surgical procedures in the operating room to take full advantage of its power. In the clinical arena, functional neurosurgical procedures can be combined with MRI information using image-guided neurosurgical workstations. These instruments allow a surgeon to register surgical tools with a previously acquired MRI with high-resolution (<1 mm) and so precisely target any number of brain structures. The dramatic improvements in surgical outcomes and patient health mean this technology is now standard for work in humans. This proposal is for an image-guided neurosurgical workstation that will significantly increase the efficiency of on-going research at New York University into the brain mechanisms of higher cognitive functions. NYU has a significant number of investigators with research programs in this area studying visual development, perception, action, learning and memory in non-human primates. Understanding in this area will advance our ability to diagnose and treat mental health disorders, develop translational technologies such as cortical prostheses to help paralyzed patients, and understand disorders such as compulsive behavior and gambling. The instrument will be incorporated into the existing animal surgical facility at NYU and guide implantation of electrophysiology equipment necessary for this research. NYU already has a state-of-the-art Center for Brain Imaging that supports research into humans and animals. This instrument will leverage this existing strength to further research goals. Ultimately it will increase the productivity of current research, enable new research directions, and enhance animal health and safety. Relevance: Studying neuronal activity in the brain during cognitive processes like perception and movement planning is hard without a map of the brain because there are many small brain regions that perform these functions, and they can be in different places in different subjects. This proposal requests an advanced neurosurgical workstation that can guide studies of the brain by combining a map of the brain taken with magnetic resonance imaging with surgical tools during a surgery. This will let us quickly and easily find brain areas and investigate how they work together to give rise to cognition in ways that are currently unfeasible.

描述（由申请人提供）：过去几十年来，在理解完整大脑中更高认知功能的神经元机制方面取得了巨大进步，但该领域的研究仍然受到精确靶向大脑结构的挑战的严重限制。磁共振成像提供了有关大脑结构的详细信息，但这项技术需要与手术室的外科手术适当结合，以充分利用其力量。 在临床竞技场中，功能性神经外科手术可以使用图像引导的神经外科工作站与MRI信息相结合。这些仪器允许外科医生将手术工具与先前获得的高分辨率（<1 mm）MRI配准，从而精确定位任何数量的大脑结构。手术结果和患者健康的显著改善意味着这项技术现在是人类工作的标准。这项建议是一个图像引导的神经外科工作站，将显着提高效率正在进行的研究在纽约大学到大脑机制的更高的认知功能。纽约大学有相当数量的研究人员在这一领域的研究项目，研究非人类灵长类动物的视觉发育，感知，行动，学习和记忆。 了解这一领域将提高我们诊断和治疗心理健康障碍的能力，开发皮质假体等转化技术以帮助瘫痪患者，并了解强迫行为和赌博等疾病。 该仪器将被纳入纽约大学现有的动物外科设施，并指导本研究所需的电生理设备的植入。纽约大学已经有一个最先进的脑成像中心，支持对人类和动物的研究。这一工具将利用现有的力量进一步实现研究目标。最终，它将提高当前研究的生产力，实现新的研究方向，并提高动物健康和安全。相关性：在认知过程中，如感知和运动规划，研究大脑中的神经元活动很难没有大脑地图，因为有许多小的大脑区域执行这些功能，并且它们可以在不同的主题中位于不同的位置。该提案要求一种先进的神经外科工作站，该工作站可以通过在手术期间将磁共振成像拍摄的大脑地图与手术工具相结合来指导大脑的研究。 这将使我们能够快速轻松地找到大脑区域，并研究它们如何协同工作，以目前不可行的方式产生认知。