Resilience and Health in Communities and Individuals.

描述（由申请人提供）：本调查中提出的基本问题是，从最近的理论进展和实证研究中确定的恢复能力指标，是否能够预测来自不同背景的社区居民的身体和情感功能，而不仅仅是由疾病和心理健康不良的既定风险因素提供的。将从平均收入、年龄和种族构成不同的40个人口普查社区抽取40至65岁的男性和女性社区样本（总N = 800）。采用多层次方法，参与者及其社区将根据全球风险和复原力指数进行评估。将通过实验室测试和电子日记评估，对风险和恢复力的潜在生物行为机制进行更深入的探索，并从更大的参与者池中抽取子样本（N = 200）。将中年人的当前功能和未来健康状况的前兆作为结果。对于那些有孩子的中年人，结果测量也将在他们的一个接近成年生活的孩子（16至24岁；N = 160）中进行评估，以探索弹性的代际传递。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The fundamental question asked in this investigation is whether measures of resilience capacity, identified from recent theoretical advances and empirical study, will predict physical and emotional functioning beyond that provided from well-established risk factors for disease and psychological ill-health for community residents from a wide range of backgrounds. A community sample of men and women aged 40 to 65 (total N = 800) will be drawn from 40 census neighborhoods that vary in average income, age, and ethnic composition. Using multi-level methods, participants and their neighborhoods will be evaluated on global indices of risk and resilience. Deeper probing of the underlying bio-behavioral mechanisms of risk and resilience will be conducted through laboratory testing and electronic diary assessments with a sub-sample (N = 200) drawn from the larger pool of participants. Current functioning and precursors of future health status of the mid-aged adults will be taken as outcomes. For those mid-aged adults with children, the outcome measures will also be assessed in one their children approaching adult life (aged 16 to 24 years; N = 160) to probe the transmission of resilience across generations.