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Dirty Wars: Landscape, Technology and Power in Western Literature since Pearl Harbour

肮脏的战争：珍珠港事件以来西方文学中的风景、技术和权力

基本信息

批准号：
AH/E504841/1
负责人：
John Beck
金额：
$ 2.94万
依托单位：
Newcastle University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FE504841%2F1
关键词：
Dirty Wars Landscape Technology Power

项目摘要

This project reads the history of the Western United States since the attack on Pearl Harbour through the imaginative literature produced during the period. It argues that entry of the US into World War II inaugurated a process of the militarisation of Western space that continued during the Cold War and after and which radically transformed the meaning of the West in its regional, national and international contexts. Militarisation has taken a number of forms, including the internment of Japanese Americans in camps in the desert West; the development of the atomic bomb in New Mexico; the siting of innumerable military installations throughout the sparsely populated region; the extensive above ground and underground testing of nuclear and biological weapons and advanced military technologies; the projects to store nuclear and other toxic waste; the fortification and surveillance of the border with Mexico; and the protracted 'war on drugs' that is conducted in the borderlands and into Central and South America. These policies and developments have involved the displacement of populations; the construction of exclusion zones and heavily policed security restrictions; the withdrawal of millions of acres of public land, including many sacred indigenous sites; and the contamination of vast areas, including flora and local communities. The processes that have helped the West become one of the most powerful regions in the US, both politically and economically, and has served to drive the rise of Western cities, has also constructed by exclusion various forms of waste-unwanted and abjected populations, irredeemably contaminated landscapes, tons of toxic matter that will remain a threat for thousands of years.Through the critical examination of a wide-range of fictional and non-fiction texts, many of which have as yet received little sustained critical attention, this study argues that writing about the West over the last half-century has variously attempted to interrogate the social and environmental consequences of the militarization of everyday life. Together, these texts provide a form of alternative history of the region that seeks to expose the way a coalition of political and military-industrial interest have pushed arguments about 'security' that served to legitimise the exploitation and destruction of land and communities. Structured chronologically, this study tracks the literary response to militarisation from internment to the 'war on drugs' and concludes by considering the ways in which the history of the post-WWII West reveals disturbing continuities of ideology and practice that point toward the kinds of strenuously militarised responses to perceived security threats post-September 11. In short, this study sees the post-Pearl Harbour West as the crucible of contemporary American political culture. It also locates during this period a literature of critique and resistance that offers a powerful rejoinder to the imagined consensus promoted by the apologists of the militarised national security state.

这个项目通过在珍珠港袭击期间创作的富有想象力的文学作品来阅读美国西部自珍珠港袭击以来的历史。它辩称，美国加入第二次世界大战开启了西方空间军事化的进程，这一进程在冷战期间及之后仍在继续，并从根本上改变了西方在地区、国家和国际背景下的意义。军事化采取了多种形式，包括将日裔美国人关押在西部沙漠地区的营地；在新墨西哥州开发原子弹；在人口稀少的地区建立无数军事设施；在地面和地下广泛试验核武器和生物武器以及先进军事技术；储存核废料和其他有毒废物的项目；加强与墨西哥边境的防御工事和监视；以及在边境地区和中美洲和南美洲进行旷日持久的“禁毒战争”。这些政策和发展涉及人口流离失所；建造隔离区和严密警戒的安全限制；撤出数百万英亩公共土地，包括许多土著圣地；污染广大地区，包括植物和当地社区。帮助西方在政治和经济上成为美国最强大的地区之一的过程，以及推动西部城市崛起的过程，也通过排除各种形式的垃圾--不受欢迎和贫穷的人口，不可挽回的污染的风景，成吨的有毒物质--仍然是数千年来的威胁。通过对广泛的虚构和非虚构文本的批判性审查，这项研究认为，在过去的半个世纪里，关于西方的写作一直在不同程度地试图询问日常生活军事化的社会和环境后果。总而言之，这些文本提供了该地区另类历史的一种形式，试图揭露一个政治和军工利益联盟是如何推动关于“安全”的论点的，这些论点有助于使对土地和社区的剥削和破坏合法化。这项研究按时间顺序对军事化的文学反应进行了追踪，从拘留到“禁毒战争”，并通过思考二战后西方的历史揭示了令人不安的意识形态和实践的连续性，指出了9·11事件后对感知到的安全威胁的那种强烈的军事化反应。简而言之，这项研究将后珍珠港时代的西部视为当代美国政治文化的熔炉。它还在这一时期找到了一部批评和抵制的文学作品，对军事化国家安全国家的辩护者所倡导的想象中的共识进行了有力的反驳。