THE EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM OVERFEEDING ON INTAKE

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。拟议的研究项目的目标是更好地了解在我们目前摄入量过高和活动减少的环境中，与那些似乎抵抗肥胖的人相比，短期过度喂养对肥胖倾向个体的摄入量和摄食行为的影响。在美国，肥胖是一个严重且日益严重的公共健康问题。肥胖症日益流行的生物过程尚未明确定义，但可能涉及环境因素(食物摄入量过多和体力活动减少)与具有遗传风险的个人的体重调节生物系统之间的错误相互作用。在我们目前的环境中，那些遗传倾向于苗条的人可能比那些倾向于肥胖的人更快、更准确地感觉到过量的卡路里摄入并对其做出反应。与容易肥胖的个体相比，抵抗肥胖的个体将更有效地感受到与3天过量喂养相关的正能量平衡，表现为更高的饱足感评级，更低的饥饿和进食欲望评级，以及在过度喂养后自然摄食量的减少。据假设，与肥胖倾向的个体相比，抵抗肥胖的个体会更有效地感觉到过量的卡路里，从而对3天的过度喂养做出反应，表现为更高的饱腹感，更低的饥饿感和进食欲望，以及在过度喂养后自然摄食量的减少。最终的结果是，这些机制将保护苗条的个人免受过度体重增加的影响。为了验证这些想法，建议对肥胖抵抗和肥胖倾向的个体进行摄入量研究，这些个体在控制饮食后和在3天的过度喂养(每天50%的过量热量摄入量)之后。具体地说，将研究过度喂养对临时能量摄入的影响以及饥饿和饱腹感的衡量标准。这些研究将提供对易导致体重增加和恢复的生物学的洞察，并将为未来对肥胖和肥胖前期个体存在的异常的研究奠定基础。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The goal of the proposed research project is to gain a better understanding of the effects of short-term overfeeding on intake and feeding behavior in individuals who are prone to obesity as compared to individuals who appear to be resistant to obesity in our current environment of excessive intake and reduced activity. Obesity is a serious and growing public health problem in the United States. The biological processes that underlie this increasing prevalence of obesity have not been clearly defined but likely involve faulty interactions between environmental factors (excess food intake and reduced physical activity) and biological systems of weight regulation in individuals who are genetically "at risk." Individuals who are genetically predisposed to being lean in our current environment may be able to sense and respond to excess caloric intake more rapidly and accurately than those predisposed to obesity. As compared to obese prone individuals, obese resistant individuals will sense the positive energy balance associated with 3 days of overfeeding more effectively as manifested by higher ratings of satiety, lower ratings of hunger and desire to eat and reduced spontaneous food intake following overfeeding. It is hypothesized that obese resistant individuals will respond to 3 days of overfeeding by sensing the excess calories more effectively than obese prone individuals, as manifested by higher ratings of satiety, lower ratings of hunger and desire to eat and reduced spontaneous food intake following overfeeding. The end result is that these mechanisms will protect lean individuals from excessive weight gain. To test these ideas, intake studies on obese resistant and obese prone individuals after a control diet and after a 3-day period of overfeeding (50% excess caloric intake per day) are proposed. Specifically, studies on the effects of overfeeding on the ad-libitum energy intake and measures of hunger and satiety will be performed. These studies will provide insight into the biology that predisposes to weight gain and regain and will lay the groundwork for future studies of the abnormalities that exist in obese and pre-obese individuals.