ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON INTAKE IN PRE-SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。儿童普遍超重，这突出表明需要查明造成超重的环境因素。过量和不断增长的部分尺寸的市场趋势加强了对大部分可能通过促进过量摄入而直接导致该问题的关注。关于份量大小对儿童饮食影响的实证研究有限。两项研究表明，大部分的影响，以刺激能量摄入的膳食。然而，这些影响的范围和性质仍不清楚。拟议的研究涉及一系列的四个部分大小的实验进行学龄前儿童。前三个实验将通过确定以下因素来评估份量大小效应的范围：份量大小对儿童食用含糖饮料的影响，份量大小对儿童水果和蔬菜（FV）摄入量的影响，以及份量大小和能量密度对儿童能量消耗的综合影响。为了解决机制，第四个实验将评估份量大小和盘子大小对进食持续时间，咬合大小和咬合频率的影响。这一基本行为调查的结果可用于设计长期的研究方案，研究食物量对儿童能量消耗和体重的影响。此外，这些基本的研究结果也可以用来开发干预措施，旨在修改幼儿环境的潜在obesigenic方面。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The epidemic of overweight among children underscores the need to identify contributing environmental factors. marketplace trends for excessive and growing protion sizes have reinforced concerns that large portions may directly contribute to this problem by promoting excessive intake. Empirical investigation of portion size effects on children's eating are limited. Two studies have demonstrated effects of large portions to stimulate energy intake at meals. The scope and nature of such effects, however, remains unclear. The proposed research involves a series of four portion size experiments to be conducted with pre-school aged children. The first three experiments will evaluate the scope of portion size effects by determining: the effect of portion size on children's consumption of sweetened beverages, the effect of portion size on children's fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, and the combined effects of portion size and energy density on children's energy consumption. In an effort to address mechanism, the fourth experiment will evauate the effects of portion size and plate size on eating duration, bite size, and bite frequency. The results of this basic behavioral investigation may be used to infrom the design of long-term studies on the effects of protion size on children's energy consumption and weight. Further, these basic research findings may also be used to develop interventions aimed at modifying potentially obesigenic aspects of young children's environments.