ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON INTAKE IN PRE-SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN

环境对学龄前儿童入学的影响

• 批准号: 7605899
• 负责人: JENNIFER ORLET FISHER
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-02-15 至 2007-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7605899
• 关键词: 6 year old; Address; Basic Science; Behavioral; Bite; Child; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Condition; Consumption; Eating; Energy Intake; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Food; Frequencies; Funding; Grant; Institution; Intake; Intervention; Investigation; Longitudinal Studies; Nature; Overweight; Perception; Rate; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; School-Age Population; Series; Source; United States National Institutes of Health; Weight; abstracting; design; energy density; fruits and vegetables; research study; size; sweetened beverage; trend

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. ABSTRACT The epidemic of overweight among children underscores the need to identify contributing environmental factors. marketplace trends for excessive and growing protion sizes have reinforced concerns that large portions may directly contribute to this problem by promoting excessive intake. Empirical investigation of portion size effects on children's eating are limited. Two studies have demonstrated effects of large portions to stimulate energy intake at meals. The scope and nature of such effects, however, remains unclear. The proposed research involves a series of four portion size experiments to be conducted with pre-school aged children. The first three experiments will evaluate the scope of portion size effects by determining: the effect of portion size on children's consumption of sweetened beverages, the effect of portion size on children's fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, and the combined effects of portion size and energy density on children's energy consumption. In an effort to address mechanism, the fourth experiment will evauate the effects of portion size and plate size on eating duration, bite size, and bite frequency. The results of this basic behavioral investigation may be used to infrom the design of long-term studies on the effects of protion size on children's energy consumption and weight. Further, these basic research findings may also be used to develop interventions aimed at modifying potentially obesigenic aspects of young children's environments. HYPOTHESIS 1. Serving large portions of sweetened beverages at meals or snacks will result in increases in sweetened beverage consumption among 5 to 6 yeasr-old children relative to intake in a reference condition. 2. Serving large portions of FV at meals will result in increases in FV consumption among 5 to 6 year-old children, relative to reference conditions. 3. High energy density will act additively with large portion size to increase energy intake among 5 to 6 year-old children, relative to reference conditions. 4. Serving large portions are expected to produce increases in average bite size among 5 to 6 year-old children, relative to a reference condition. 5. Children will perceive a given portion as being larger when served on a smaller plate and will eat less than when the same portion is served on a larger plate. SPECIFIC AIMS Four experiments will be conducted to address 5 specific aims as follows: 1. To determine the effects of large portions of sweetened beverages on young children's intake (Experiment 1) 2. To determine the effects of large portions of FVs on young children's intake of those foods (Experiment 2) 3. To evaluate the combined effects of large portions and energy dense foods on young children's energy intake (Experiment 3) 4. To identify portion size effects on eating duration, eating rate, bite size, and bit frequency (Experiement 4) 5. To determine the effects of plate size on young children's perception of portion size and intake (Experiement 4)

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 摘要 儿童普遍超重，这突出表明需要查明造成超重的环境因素。 过量和不断增长的部分尺寸的市场趋势加强了对大部分可能通过促进过量摄入而直接导致该问题的关注。 关于份量大小对儿童饮食影响的实证研究有限。 两项研究表明，大部分的影响，以刺激能量摄入的膳食。 然而，这些影响的范围和性质仍不清楚。 拟议的研究涉及一系列的四个部分大小的实验进行学龄前儿童。 前三个实验将通过确定以下因素来评估份量大小效应的范围：份量大小对儿童食用含糖饮料的影响，份量大小对儿童水果和蔬菜（FV）摄入量的影响，以及份量大小和能量密度对儿童能量消耗的综合影响。 为了解决机制，第四个实验将评估份量大小和盘子大小对进食持续时间，咬合大小和咬合频率的影响。 这一基本行为调查的结果可用于设计长期的研究方案，研究食物量对儿童能量消耗和体重的影响。 此外，这些基本的研究结果也可以用来开发干预措施，旨在修改幼儿环境的潜在obesigenic方面。 假设 1. 与参考条件下的摄入量相比，在膳食或零食中提供大部分含糖饮料将导致5至6岁儿童的含糖饮料消费量增加。 2. 相对于参考条件，在膳食中提供大部分FV将导致5至6岁儿童的FV消耗量增加。 3. 相对于参考条件，高能量密度将与大份量一起增加5至6岁儿童的能量摄入。 4. 相对于参考条件，服务大部分预计会增加5至6岁儿童的平均咬合大小。 5. 孩子们会认为一个给定的部分是更大的服务时，在一个较小的盘子，并会吃得比当同样的部分是在一个较大的盘子服务。 具体目标 将进行四项实验，以实现以下5个具体目标： 1. 确定大部分含糖饮料对幼儿摄入量的影响（实验1） 2. 确定大部分的FV对幼儿摄入这些食物的影响（实验2） 3. 评估大份量和能量密集食物对幼儿能量摄入的综合影响（实验3） 4. 确定份量大小对进食持续时间、进食速度、咬口大小和咬口频率的影响（实验4） 5. 确定盘子大小对幼儿对份量大小和摄入量的感知的影响（实验4）