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In vivo analysis of the proliferative properties and morphological dynamics of radial glial cells in the Xenopus brain

爪蟾脑中放射状胶质细胞的增殖特性和形态动力学的体内分析

基本信息

批准号：
BB/E015476/1
负责人：
Colin Akerman
金额：
$ 47.6万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FE015476%2F1
关键词：
vivo analysis proliferative properties morphological

项目摘要

Our bodies are made up of billions of cells, many of which are highly specialised in order to carry out different functions. During development all of these cells must be born and it is clear that some cells, referred to as 'stem' or 'progenitor' cells, can give birth to different types of cells by successively dividing. Understanding which cells function as progenitors, how they are regulated and what types of cells they give birth to, is fundamental to our understanding of how the body develops. Furthermore, understanding these events will reveal which processes become abnormal in developmental diseases and, potentially, will enable us to harness these cells therapeutically. This research proposal addresses these questions in the context of the developing nervous system. In our brains there are two major classes of cells, the electrically excitable neurons and the non-excitable glial cells. Originally it was believed that these two classes diverged very early during development and so represented different cell families or 'lineages'. However, recent work has indicated that an intriguing subset of glial cells in the developing nervous system, called 'radial glia', exhibit features of progenitor cells and may give birth to the majority of neurons in parts of our brains. In this series of studies we plan to examine the behaviour of radial glial cells in the context of an intact, developing nervous system. Using non-invasive, high-resolution imaging methods we will watch the behaviour of live radial glial cells and how they communicate with other cells in the immature brain. We will explore whether radial glia function as progenitor cells and will trace the identity of the types of cells that they give birth to. Finally, we will examine whether ongoing communication between radial glia and their neighbouring cells are important for the way brain cells become specialised for their different functions. We anticipate that these experiments will contribute novel and important data to the field of developmental biology by characterising the events surrounding the birth and maturation of cells in the living brain. The work aims to improve our understanding and treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders in humans, and it will benefit scientists that are investigating ways of growing nerve cells in order to repair damaged brains.

我们的身体由数十亿个细胞组成，其中许多细胞高度专业化，以执行不同的功能。在发育过程中，所有这些细胞都必须出生，很明显，一些细胞，即所谓的“干细胞”或“祖细胞”，可以通过连续分裂产生不同类型的细胞。了解哪些细胞是祖细胞，它们是如何受到调控的，以及它们产生了什么类型的细胞，这是我们理解身体如何发育的基础。此外，了解这些事件将揭示哪些过程在发育疾病中变得异常，并潜在地使我们能够利用这些细胞进行治疗。这项研究建议在神经系统发育的背景下解决这些问题。在我们的大脑中，有两类主要的细胞，电兴奋的神经元和不可兴奋的神经胶质细胞。最初，人们认为这两个类别在发育过程中很早就出现了分化，因此代表了不同的细胞家族或“谱系”。然而，最近的研究表明，在发育中的神经系统中，有一种有趣的神经胶质细胞亚群，称为“放射状胶质细胞”，它具有祖细胞的特征，可能会在我们大脑的某些部位产生大多数神经元。在这一系列研究中，我们计划在一个完整的、发育中的神经系统的背景下检查放射状胶质细胞的行为。使用非侵入性的高分辨率成像方法，我们将观察活的放射状胶质细胞的行为，以及它们如何与未成熟大脑中的其他细胞通信。我们将探索放射状胶质细胞是否具有祖细胞的功能，并将追踪它们所生细胞类型的身份。最后，我们将检查放射状胶质细胞与其邻近细胞之间的持续通信是否对脑细胞专门化不同功能的方式很重要。我们预计，这些实验将通过表征围绕活着的大脑细胞的出生和成熟的事件，为发育生物学领域贡献新的和重要的数据。这项工作旨在提高我们对人类神经发育障碍的理解和治疗，它将使正在研究培养神经细胞以修复受损大脑的方法的科学家受益。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

In vivo spike-timing-dependent plasticity in the optic tectum of Xenopus laevis.

DOI：
10.3389/fnsyn.2010.00007
发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Richards, Blake A;Aizenman, Carlos D;Akerman, Colin J
通讯作者：
Akerman, Colin J

Clonal relationships impact neuronal tuning within a phylogenetically ancient vertebrate brain structure.

DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2014.07.015
发表时间：
2014-08-18
期刊：
CURRENT BIOLOGY
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Muldal, Alistair M.;Lillicrap, Timothy P.;Richards, Blake A.;Akerman, Colin J.
通讯作者：
Akerman, Colin J.

GABAergic circuits control stimulus-instructed receptive field development in the optic tectum.