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Light It Up: A Nanotechnology Approach for the Acquisition of Forensic Evidence

点亮它：获取法医证据的纳米技术方法

基本信息

批准号：
EP/D041007/1
负责人：
David Russell
金额：
$ 32.3万
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2006 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FD041007%2F1
关键词：
Light Up Nanotechnology Approach Acquisition

项目摘要

Imagine you are watching a crime-solving TV programme. The forensic scientists have found a pair of jeans at a crime scene. They spray them with a solution, shine their 'torches' and, hey presto, blood, semen and saliva show up as brightly glowing spots each of a different colour. The scientists are able to identify what is present and then take a sample of each body fluid separately to obtain the DNA profile of the person who deposited each fluid. Is this reality? No, far from it. Currently, a different analysis (each requiring different chemicals and equipment) is carried out to detect and identify each of these body fluids. This is very time consuming an important factor when police are waiting for results which may help them solve a crime. The current methods also struggle to detect very small traces of body fluids. Given that it is now possible to obtain a DNA profile from one or a few cells, collecting traces of DNA at crime scenes is vital.Our proposed research aims to make TV fiction a reality by producing a solution which, when sprayed on items of forensic evidence, will cause any traces of blood, semen or saliva to fluoresce, so that forensic scientists are readily able to identify where the body fluids are located (and importantly, which ones are present) so that they can remove them for DNA profiling. 'Light It Up', as our solution is called, is based on very small particles called nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle will be coated with a biological molecule which recognizes and binds to another partner molecule. The bio-nanoparticle conjugates will have fluorescent tags on them so that when the specialist forensic light sources are shone on the item, the area where the body fluid is located will fluoresce with different colours, each colour representing a particular target fluid. For example, semen will show up as blue, saliva as green and blood as red. Knowing which body fluid is present can provide vital corroborative evidence for police investigations helping to support or refute suspect, victim or witness statements. 'Light It Up' will readily provide this information.We also aim to develop a solution of 'Light It Up' which will detect DNA directly in situ. It's the DNA that forensic scientists are really looking for when they search for biological fluids (although they also want information on the type of body fluid to help the police in their investigations). Finally, we wish to determine the generic applicability of 'Light It Up' to provide the police with information which can guide them in their investigations. For example, what other materials can we detect from fingerprints left at a crime scene which might help point the police in the right direction for their investigations?

想象你正在看一个破案的电视节目。法医在犯罪现场发现了一条牛仔裤。他们给它们喷上一种溶液，点燃他们的“火炬”，很快，血液、精液和唾液就会呈现出不同颜色的明亮光点。科学家们能够识别出存在的物质，然后分别提取每种体液的样本，以获得存放每种体液的人的DNA图谱。这是现实吗？不，远非如此。目前，进行不同的分析（每种分析需要不同的化学品和设备）来检测和识别每种体液。当警察等待可能帮助他们破案的结果时，这是非常耗时的一个重要因素。目前的方法也很难检测到非常微小的体液痕迹。鉴于现在有可能从一个或几个细胞中获得DNA档案，在犯罪现场收集DNA痕迹至关重要。我们提出的研究目标是通过制造一种溶液，将电视小说变成现实，当喷洒在法医证据上时，它会使任何血液、精液或唾液的痕迹发出荧光，这样法医科学家就能很容易地识别出体液的位置（更重要的是，哪些体液存在），这样他们就可以把它们移走，进行DNA分析。我们的解决方案被称为“点亮它”，它是基于一种叫做纳米粒子的非常小的颗粒。每个纳米粒子将被一种生物分子包裹，这种生物分子可以识别并结合另一个伙伴分子。生物纳米颗粒缀合物将带有荧光标签，这样当专业法医光源照射到该物品上时，体液所在的区域将发出不同颜色的荧光，每种颜色代表一种特定的目标液体。例如，精液呈蓝色，唾液呈绿色，血液呈红色。了解存在哪些体液可以为警方调查提供至关重要的确凿证据，有助于支持或反驳嫌疑人、受害者或证人的陈述。“点亮它”会很容易地提供这些信息。我们还致力于开发一种“点亮它”的解决方案，它将直接在原位检测DNA。当法医科学家寻找生物体液时，他们真正寻找的是DNA（尽管他们也想要关于体液类型的信息来帮助警方进行调查）。最后，我们希望确定“点亮它”的一般适用性，为警方提供可以指导他们调查的信息。例如，我们可以从犯罪现场留下的指纹中发现哪些其他材料，这些材料可能有助于为警方的调查指明正确的方向？