The Anterior Olfactory Nucleus

前嗅核

• 批准号: 7334158
• 负责人: PETER C BRUNJES
• 金额: $ 28.11万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-04-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7334158
• 关键词: Afferent Neurons; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Anterior; Area; Arts; Biological; Cells; Code; Data; Distant; Fiber; Goals; Human; Learning; Left; Light; Modeling; Molecular; Morphology; Nasal cavity; Neurons; Numbers; Odors; Output; Parkinson Disease; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phenotype; Play; Process; Prosencephalon; Reporting; Research; Role; Specificity; Stimulus; Synapses; System; Techniques; Tissues; Variant; Work; cell type; clinically relevant; concept; design; information gathering; insight; olfactory bulb; olfactory nuclei; olfactory stimulus; piriform cortex; response; sensory system

Olfactory sensory neurons in the nasal cavity send odor information to the olfactory bulb, the first central relay in this chemosensory system. Mitral and tufted cells in the bulb then transmit the information to the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON) and piriform cortex (PC). The AON plays a crucial role in the processingof olfactory stimuli: it provides feedforward information from the bulb to the PC, and is involved in the retrograde flow of information from the cortex to the bulb. Importantly, it also serves as the point of intercommunication between the left and right olfactory bulbs and cortices. As such, it plays a fundamental role in the processing olfactory information. Indeed, it will be impossible to understand the function of the olfactory forebrain without greater insight into the circuitry and function of the AON, The proposed studies focus on a single concept: understanding the organization of the AON. The proposed work will a) uncover the fine-scale morphology of the afferent inputs from the olfactory bulb, b) examine possible olfactory coding strategies in the AON, c) demonstrate the intrinsic organization and connections of the region, and d) elucidate differences in regional output patterns. Each of the studies examines interlocking but independent aspects of the problem. Furthermore, each study uses state-of-the art techniques, correlating refined morphological analyses with broader functional studies. The goal is to begin to understand variations in regional organization and investigate the possibility of the existence of different neuronal phenotypes. The results will make the area accessible for further study from a molecular biological perspective. The information we gather will be important for many reasons, including our ability to understand and model olfactory function. By gathering fundamental data on the number of AON cells each bulb afferent contacts, what synaptic patterns exist within the AON, and whether output pathways diverge or converge, we will begin to understand the larger circuit that comprises the olfactory system. Relevance: a) A more complete understanding of the AON also has clinical relevance as there are indications that pathological changes in the region occur in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, suggesting that changes in the AON may significantly contribute to the well-documented deficits in olfactory function that occurs in aging, b) Sensory systems are crucial for humans to navigate through the world, interact and learn. The present research will shed substantial light on this process.

鼻腔中的嗅觉感觉神经元将气味信息发送到嗅球，第一中枢 在这个化学感官系统中传递。然后，球茎中的二尖瓣和簇状细胞将信息传输到 前嗅核(AON)和梨状皮质(PC)。怡安在这一过程中起着至关重要的作用 嗅觉刺激：它提供从球部到PC的前馈信息，并参与逆行 信息从大脑皮层流向灯泡。重要的是，它也是相互交流的点。 左右嗅球和大脑皮层之间。因此，它在加工过程中起着基础性的作用 嗅觉信息。事实上，如果没有嗅觉前脑，就不可能理解它的功能。 更深入地了解怡安的电路和功能， 拟议的研究集中在一个单一的概念上：了解全日空的组织。建议数 工作将a)揭示来自嗅球的传入输入的精细形态，b)检查 AON中可能的嗅觉编码策略，c)展示了AON的内在组织和联系 (D)阐明区域产出模式的差异。每项研究都检查了 环环相扣但又相互独立的各方面问题。此外，每项研究都使用了最先进的 技术，将精细的形态分析与更广泛的功能研究相关联。我们的目标是开始 了解区域组织的变化，并调查不同组织存在的可能性 神经元表型。这一结果将使该地区可以从分子生物学的角度进行进一步的研究 透视。由于许多原因，我们收集的信息将是重要的，包括我们有能力 了解并模拟嗅觉功能。通过收集关于每个AON小区数量的基本数据 球传入接触，AON内存在什么突触模式，以及输出通路是分叉的还是 融合后，我们将开始了解组成嗅觉系统的更大的回路。 相关性：A)对全麻的更完整的了解也具有临床意义，因为 有迹象表明该区域的病变发生在阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏症中， 这表明孤束核的改变可能是嗅觉缺陷的重要原因。 B)感觉系统是人类在世界上导航的关键， 互动和学习。目前的研究将对这一过程提供实质性的启示。