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Optical Control of Intermolecular Forces

分子间力的光学控制

基本信息

批准号：
EP/E021611/1
负责人：
David Andrews
金额：
$ 33.55万
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE021611%2F1
关键词：
Optical Control Intermolecular Forces

项目摘要

The use of laser light to manipulate small particles and cells / commonly known as 'optical tweezers' / is a well established research tool. It is increasingly prominent, finding applications in diverse laboratories. Tweezer methods generally operate by exerting a force that attracts particles to regions of high intensity, usually the centre of the laser beam. This mechanism, and others that are employed in laser cooling and trapping of atoms, utilise forces that operate directly on individual particles of matter. Recently a wave of excitement has been created by a discovery of something quite different: optically induced forces that operate between particles, over nanoscale dimensions. Such inter-particle forces offer a number of highly distinctive features which can be exploited for the controlled optical manipulation of matter. Through such interactions, new opportunities for creating optically ordered matter have already been demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally, leading to the introduction of terms such as 'optical binding' and 'optical matter' in recent literature. Whereas the forces that determine normal physical and chemical behaviour owe their origin to the intrinsic properties of individual molecules, these optically induced forces operate very differently / and best of all, they are experimentally controllable. This is an area of science that is now advancing with extreme rapidity, its enormous potential having been first predicted in an influential paper on the future of chemistry, published fifteen years ago. Last year the applicant and co-workers at the University of East Anglia developed a comprehensive theory of optically induced inter-particle forces, identifying a number of effects not previously determined, and showing that such forces can be either attractive or repulsive according to given conditions. Calculations based on the new theory were performed for a variety of systems, identifying and illustrating the scope for applications. The first results on carbon nanotubes indicated possibilities for optically modifying the structure of nanotube films, while subsequent applications identified new forms of optical patterning and clustering. Now it is proposed to develop theory for application to more complex systems, to pave the way for innovative technical applications. The first task will be to construct a detailed representation of how these inter-particle forces operate within a variety of systems including atomic clusters, colloids and liquid crystals; the formation and stability of optically ordered microarrays will also be examined. Focusing next on surface and near-surface effects, methods are to be sought for optically modifying the character of surface adsorption, molecular interactions on surfaces, and the optical ordering of nanoparticles in suspension. Fully characterising such effects should unlock significant materials applications. Attention will also be given to the special effects anticipated when particles are irradiated by the complex optical fields associated with structured light, such as the exotic laser beams known as 'optical vortices'. Other systems of interest are the optomechanical response to the patterned light field that results from the interference between laser beams. It has been shown that holographic methods can simultaneously trap and steer hundreds of suspended particles, yet the detailed role of optical binding in such applications has not yet been studied; the results of this investigation will be keenly awaited. Other issues to be examined are the possibility of optically modifying surface treatments, and processes of thin film production.

使用激光来操纵小颗粒和细胞/通常被称为“光镊”/是一种成熟的研究工具。它越来越突出，在不同的实验室中找到应用。镊子方法通常通过施加将颗粒吸引到高强度区域（通常是激光束的中心）的力来操作。这种机制，以及其他用于激光冷却和捕获原子的机制，利用直接作用于单个物质粒子的力。最近，一个完全不同的发现引起了人们的兴奋：在纳米尺度上，粒子之间的光诱导力。这种粒子间的力提供了许多非常独特的特征，可以用于物质的受控光学操纵。通过这种相互作用，创造光学有序物质的新机会已经在理论和实验上得到了证明，导致在最近的文献中引入了“光学结合”和“光学物质”等术语。虽然决定正常物理和化学行为的力源于单个分子的固有特性，但这些光诱导力的作用方式非常不同，最重要的是，它们是实验可控的。这是一个正在以极快的速度发展的科学领域，它的巨大潜力在15年前发表的一篇关于化学未来的有影响力的论文中首次被预测。去年，东英吉利大学的申请人和同事开发了一个全面的光诱导粒子间力理论，确定了许多以前没有确定的效应，并表明根据给定的条件，这种力可以是吸引力或排斥力。对各种系统进行了基于新理论的计算，确定并说明了应用范围。碳纳米管上的第一个结果表明了光学修饰纳米管薄膜结构的可能性，而随后的应用则确定了新形式的光学图案化和聚类。现在，它被提议为应用于更复杂的系统开发理论，为创新的技术应用铺平道路。第一个任务将是构建一个详细的表示，这些粒子间的力量如何在各种系统，包括原子簇，胶体和液晶内运作;光学有序微阵列的形成和稳定性也将被检查。接下来关注表面和近表面效应，方法是寻求光学改性的表面吸附，表面上的分子相互作用，和悬浮液中的纳米粒子的光学排序的字符。充分表征这种效应应该解锁重要的材料应用。还将注意到粒子被与结构光相关的复杂光场照射时预期的特殊效果，例如被称为“光学涡旋”的奇异激光束。其他感兴趣的系统是对由激光束之间的干涉产生的图案化光场的光机械响应。它已被证明，全息方法可以同时捕获和引导数以百计的悬浮粒子，但在这种应用中的光学绑定的详细作用还没有被研究;这项调查的结果将热切期待。其他有待研究的问题是光学改性表面处理的可能性，以及薄膜生产工艺。