Covariant analysis of accelerating charged beams and plasmas

加速带电束和等离子体的协变分析

• 批准号: EP/E022995/1
• 负责人: David Burton
• 金额: $ 24.06万
• 依托单位: Lancaster University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE022995%2F1
• 关键词: Covariant; analysis; accelerating; charged; beams

The aim of the proposed work is to contribute to the development of future high-energy and future low-energy particle accelerators. Considerable success has been enjoyed by high-energy particle physics in helping to explain the fundamental structure of the world around us. However, on-going progress in this field relies on novel particle accelerator development, which itself poses considerable physics and engineering challenges. As particle accelerators become more powerful they also become prohibitively large and expensive. Innovative acceleration schemes are required if ever higher energy experiments are to remain practical. This is clearly illustrated by the 30km long ILC (International Linear Collider), designed on conventional acceleration schemes, and the more radical CLIC (Compact Linear Collider) which promises to achieve particle energies that are three times greater over the same accelerator length. CLIC works by employing two particle beams operating like a transformer. A drive beam composed of long bunches of electrons is accelerated and converted into bunches of much shorter length which are then decelerated to power the main beam accelerator. A sound knowledge of the detailed bunch dynamics during the conversion stage is critical for the success of this novel machine. Lower energy accelerators are one of the components of intense light sources used to study the structure of matter. In conventional free-electron lasers, bunched electrons are accelerated using the electric fields inside radio-frequency microwave cavities and then forced to emit coherent light by injection into an undulator. The cost and size of such light sources, mostly due to the accelerator component, prohibit housing them in university departments and they are only accessible as expensive large shared facilities. However, laser-driven plasma wakefield acceleration is a highly promising alternative acceleration scheme that has seen much experimental success in recent years. This radical approach exploits the huge electric fields created by a laser pulse in a plasma to accelerate electrons in the wake behind the laser pulse. It promises to deliver highly compact ( table-top ) sources of intense electromagnetic pulses of femtosecond duration for probing matter on unprecedented temporal and spatial scales. In the future, university departments could be housing their own light sources based on this concept. However, a number of important issues remain to be resolved because the accelerated electron bunches do not yet satisfy all the stringent criteria needed to produce electromagnetic pulses of the necessary quality. The proposed work centres on the development of new and powerful mathematical models to address fundamental issues in CLIC and laser-driven plasma wakefield acceleration. Both acceleration schemes involve detailed dynamics of collections of interacting charged particles and the proposed work seeks to support their on-going development.

拟议工作的目的是为未来高能和未来低能粒子加速器的发展做出贡献。高能粒子物理学在帮助解释我们周围世界的基本结构方面取得了相当大的成功。然而，这一领域的持续进展依赖于新型粒子加速器的开发，这本身就带来了相当大的物理和工程挑战。随着粒子加速器变得更强大，它们也变得大得令人望而却步，也变得昂贵。如果要保持更高能量的实验的实用性，就需要创新的加速方案。30公里长的ILC(国际线性对撞机)和更激进的CLIC(紧凑型线性对撞机)清楚地说明了这一点，ILC(国际线性对撞机)是根据传统加速方案设计的，CLIC(紧凑型线性对撞机)承诺在相同加速器长度下实现粒子能量三倍以上。CLIC的工作原理是使用两个像变压器一样工作的粒子束。由长束电子组成的驱动束被加速，并转换成长度短得多的束，然后减速为主束加速器提供动力。对转化阶段详细的束团动力学的良好了解是这台新型机器成功的关键。低能量加速器是用于研究物质结构的强光源的组成部分之一。在传统的自由电子激光器中，聚束的电子利用射频微波腔内的电场来加速，然后通过注入波动器来强迫发射相干光。这种光源的成本和大小，主要是由于加速器组件的原因，禁止将它们安置在大学院系中，而且它们只能作为昂贵的大型共享设施使用。然而，激光驱动的等离子体尾迹加速是一种非常有前途的替代加速方案，近年来在实验上取得了很大的成功。这种激进的方法利用激光脉冲在等离子体中产生的巨大电场来加速激光脉冲后面的尾流中的电子。它承诺提供高度紧凑(桌面)的持续时间为飞秒的高强度电磁脉冲源，用于在前所未有的时间和空间尺度上探测物质。未来，大学院系可以根据这一概念配备自己的光源。然而，一些重要的问题仍然有待解决，因为加速的电子束还不满足产生必要质量的电磁脉冲所需的所有严格标准。拟议的工作集中在开发新的和强大的数学模型，以解决CLIC和激光驱动的等离子体尾场加速中的基本问题。这两个加速方案都涉及相互作用的带电粒子集合的详细动力学，拟议的工作试图支持它们正在进行的发展。

项目成果

Geometrical description of non-linear electrostatic oscillations in relativistic thermal plasmas

相对论热等离子体中非线性静电振荡的几何描述

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.0807.3700
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: arXiv e-prints
• 作者: Burton D. A.

Discontinuous distributions in thermal plasmas

热等离子体中的不连续分布

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.0906.1096
• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: Burton D

Electrostatic wave-breaking in thermal plasmas

热等离子体中的静电波破碎

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Burton