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New experimental approach to the study of synovial joint lubrication - measurement of film thickess in simulation tests

研究滑膜关节润滑的新实验方法——模拟测试中薄膜厚度的测量

基本信息

批准号：
EP/E028721/1
负责人：
Hugh Spikes
金额：
$ 44.01万
依托单位：
Imperial College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE028721%2F1
关键词：
New experimental approach study synovial

项目摘要

There is increasing recognition of the importance of tribological mechanisms in living organisms, such as the way that slugs lubricate the surfaces on which they slither and how lizards can stick to, while running about on, ceilings. Of particular practical interest are the lubrication of human and animal synovial joints such as hip, knee and ankle joints. These are mainly ball on socket joints, in which the limb bone has a spherical (or cylindrical) end which rotates in a bone cup. Both bone surfaces are covered with coatings of porous cartilage which act as the tribosurfaces and the whole contact is lubricated by a natural liquid lubricant called synovial fluid . These joints are expected to give low friction and wear in a wide range of conditions (including standing still, walking and jumping) and to operate without maintenance over the owner's lifetime. Research on synovial joints has focussed on two aspects; (i) the fundamental lubrication processes occurring in natural joints, not least to understand how they can go wrong and (ii) to development of artificial, replacement joints. The latter has become a major industry, with hundreds of thousands of hip replacement operations taking place each year. Although the performance and life of such joints is generally very good, lubrication remains a key factor because one of the main forms of their failure is due to loosening of the implant caused by wear particles. Despite much previous research, we still do not know the predominant mechanisms of lubrication present in either natural or artificial synovial joints. The key question is the what type of lubricant film is formed by the synovial fluid in the joint contact? Many different suggestions have been made, ranging from predominantly adsorbed, chemical layers to thick fluid films, but there is very little direct evidence for what type or thickness of film is actually present in natural or artificial synovial joints or of the role played by the composition of the synovial fluid and the structure and properties of the cartilage. If we understood this we might be able to design better artificial joints and possibly even repair damaged, natural joints.The study will provide, for the first time, accurate measurement of lubricating film thickness under simulated articulation. It will also allow critical examination of the various lubrication mechanisms that have been proposed over the years. It will clarify the roles of the various components of synovial fluid on film formation and thickness. The results will contribute to the development and validation of physically realistic models of synovial lubrication and should also help to design improved artificial joints.

人们越来越认识到摩擦机制在生物体中的重要性，例如蛞蝓润滑其滑动表面的方式，以及蜥蜴在天花板上奔跑时如何粘附在天花板上。特别实用的是人和动物滑膜关节如髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的润滑。这些主要是球窝关节，其中肢体骨具有在骨杯中旋转的球形（或圆柱形）端部。两个骨表面都覆盖有多孔软骨涂层，其充当摩擦表面，并且整个接触由称为滑液的天然液体润滑剂润滑。预计这些关节在各种条件下（包括站立、行走和跳跃）都能提供低摩擦和磨损，并且在用户的一生中无需维护即可运行。对滑膜关节的研究集中在两个方面：（i）自然关节中发生的基本润滑过程，尤其是了解它们如何出错，以及（ii）人工关节的开发。后者已成为一个主要行业，每年有数十万例髋关节置换手术。虽然这种关节的性能和寿命通常非常好，但润滑仍然是一个关键因素，因为它们失效的主要形式之一是由于磨损颗粒引起的植入物松动。尽管以前有很多研究，我们仍然不知道润滑的主要机制存在于天然或人工滑膜关节。关键问题是关节接触中滑液形成的润滑膜是什么样的？已经提出了许多不同的建议，从主要吸附的化学层到厚的流体膜，但是几乎没有直接证据表明天然或人工滑膜关节中实际存在什么类型或厚度的膜，或者滑液的组成和软骨的结构和性质所起的作用。如果我们理解了这一点，我们可能能够设计出更好的人工关节，甚至可能修复受损的天然关节。这项研究将首次提供模拟关节下润滑膜厚度的精确测量。它还允许对多年来提出的各种润滑机制进行严格检查。它将阐明滑液的各种成分对膜形成和厚度的作用。研究结果将有助于开发和验证滑膜润滑的物理现实模型，也有助于设计改进的人工关节。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Lubricating film thickness measurements on bovine serum

牛血清润滑膜厚度测量

DOI：
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
P Cann
通讯作者：
P Cann

Inlet protein aggregation: a new mechanism for lubricating film formation with model synovial fluids.

DOI：
10.1177/0954411911401306
发表时间：
2011-07
期刊：
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine
影响因子：
0
作者：
Fan J;Myant CW;Underwood R;Cann PM;Hart A
通讯作者：
Hart A

Friction and lubricant film thickness measurements on simulated synovial fluids

DOI：
10.1243/13506501jet580
发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology
影响因子：
0
作者：
A. Mavraki;P. Cann
通讯作者：
A. Mavraki;P. Cann

In contact observation of model synovial fluid lubricating mechanisms