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Dopamine Genotypes, Experimentally-induced Craving, & Cessation in Female Smokers

多巴胺基因型，实验诱发的渴望，

基本信息

批准号：
7342041
负责人：
Joel Erblich
金额：
$ 20.34万
依托单位：
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-04-01 至 2010-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7342041
关键词：
Abstinence Address Affect Animal Model Blood specimen Cancer Etiology Cessation of life Characteristics Chronic Disease Cigarette Condition Conflict (Psychology)Controlled Clinical Trials Country of Turkey Cues DRD1 gene DRD2 gene DRD4 gene Development Dopamine Eye Failure Female Follow-Up Studies Genes Genetic Genetic Polymorphism Genotype Goals Human Intervention Investigation Laboratories Laboratory Finding Link Literature Malignant Neoplasms Mediating Morbidity - disease rate Numbers Pharmaceutical Preparations Phenotype Placebo Control Placebo Effect Play Population Prospective Studies Public Health Randomized Clinical Trials Rate Reaction Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Research Personnel Role Sampling Selection Bias Signal Pathway Smoke Smoker Smoking Smoking Behavior Smoking Status Statistical Models Stress Testing Time United States Variant Woman case control craving day design dopamine system experience follow-up interest men mortality multidisciplinary nicotine replacement novel strategies pre-clinical programs prospective psychobiologic psychologic smoking cessation stress management stressor success willingness

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary: The objective of this exploratory/developmental R21 application is to characterize and better understand the effects of genetic polymorphisms in the dopamine system on stress- & smoking cue- induced cigarette cravings and smoking cessation among women who smoke. Grounded in a diverse literature, the proposed multidisciplinary prospective study of women interested in making an untreated, 'cold turkey' smoking cessation attempt will provide a naturalistic look at potential effects of dopamine-related genotypes and stress- & cue-induced cravings elicited under laboratory conditions, on abstinence. To that end, 250 women will be genotyped for dopamine-related polymorphisms, participate in laboratory stress and cue-exposure tasks the day before their target quit date, and will be assessed for abstinence at 8 time points during a 6-month follow-up interval. By closely examining relations between experimentally-induced craving reactions and cessation, the study will attempt to better characterize mechanisms underlying the effects of dopamine genotypes. This first study will lay the groundwork for larger-scale investigations aimed at determining the beneficial effects of tailored treatments (e.g., cue-exposure, stress management, nicotine replacement) in the context of genetic (e.g., dopamine polymorphisms) and psychobiological (e.g., cue- and stress-induced craving reactions) characteristics in samples of both men and women, with an eye toward yielding a better undestanding of the unique challenges experienced by women trying to quit smoking. Relevance: Smoking is the single most preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Indeed, smoking has been implicated in at least 30 percent of all cancer deaths in the U.S. and an estimated three million deaths per year worldwide. In spite of the clear negative consequences of smoking, a significant subset of the population continues to smoke. Moreover, although most smokers express a strong interest in quitting, few are successful at maintaining abstinence, a problem that is even more pronounced among women. Persistent smoking behavior (i.e., failure or difficulty in remaining abstinent) thus continues to be a major public health problem. Understanding the genetic and psychobiological determinants of smoking cessation success is a critical first step in developing novel approaches to promote cessation, so necessary to reduce the alarming rates of cancer and other smoking-related chronic diseases.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目概述：本探索性/开发性R21应用的目的是表征和更好地了解多巴胺系统中遗传多态性对吸烟女性中压力和吸烟提示诱导的吸烟渴望和戒烟的影响。基于不同的文献，对有兴趣进行未经治疗的“冷火鸡”戒烟尝试的女性进行的拟议多学科前瞻性研究将提供一个自然主义的视角，探讨多巴胺相关基因型和压力-暗示诱发的渴望在实验室条件下对禁欲的潜在影响。为此，将对250名女性进行多巴胺相关多态性的基因分型，在目标戒烟日期的前一天参与实验室压力和线索暴露任务，并在6个月的随访间隔期间的8个时间点评估禁欲情况。通过仔细研究实验诱导的渴望反应和停止之间的关系，该研究将试图更好地表征多巴胺基因型影响的潜在机制。这第一项研究将为更大规模的研究奠定基础，旨在确定定制治疗的有益效果（例如，线索暴露，压力管理，尼古丁替代）在遗传背景下（例如，多巴胺多态性）和心理生物学（例如，提示和压力引起的渴望反应）的特征，着眼于更好地理解女性戒烟所面临的独特挑战。相关性：吸烟是美国发病率和死亡率最可预防的单一原因。事实上，吸烟与美国至少30%的癌症死亡有关，全球每年估计有300万人死亡。尽管吸烟有明显的负面影响，但仍有相当一部分人继续吸烟。此外，尽管大多数吸烟者对戒烟表现出强烈的兴趣，但很少有人能成功地保持戒烟，这一问题在女性中更为突出。持续吸烟行为（即，因此，未能或难以保持禁欲）仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。了解戒烟成功的遗传和心理生物学决定因素是开发新方法促进戒烟的关键第一步，这对于降低癌症和其他吸烟相关慢性疾病的惊人发病率至关重要。