EFFECTS OF VIEWING DISTANCE ON EYE GROWTH & REFRACTIVE DEVELOPMENT

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 近视是一种视觉障碍，影响25%的美国人，每年花费40亿美元。它最近被确定为健康差距，因为它可能不成比例地影响一些少数群体。虽然其病因尚不清楚，但研究表明环境因素的作用。重要的是要确定观看距离是否是一个足够的刺激，以诱导在出生后的发展和发育的青少年时期，这对应于人类的时间框架时，显着的近视率开始出现屈光不正的变化。 在本报告所述期间，对猴子进行了两种选择的强迫选择视觉匹配样本任务的训练，刺激变得越来越复杂，投射在近距离观察的监视器上。 在全身麻醉下，猴子通过睫状肌麻痹视网膜检影法定期测量屈光不正，通过A扫描超声测量眼轴长度，以及其他眼部参数的测量。 数据收集继续确定这些功能关系，并了解视觉体验，眼睛生长和屈光状态之间的关系，以及指导这些关系的机制。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Myopia (nearsightedness) is a visual disorder that affects 25% of Americans, at a cost of $4 billion/year. It has recently been identified as a health disparity because it can disproportionately affect some minority groups. While its etiology remains unknown, studies suggest a role for environmental factors. It is important to determine whether viewing distance is a sufficient stimulus to induce a change in refractive error during postnatal development and the earl juvenile period of development, which corresponds to the human time frame when significant rates of myopia begin to emerge. During the reporting period, monkeys were trained on a two alternative forced choice visual matching to sample task, with stimuli that have become increasingly more complex, projected on monitors at a near viewing distance. Under general anesthesia, monkeys underwent regular measurements of refractive error via cycloplegic retinoscopy, measurements of axial length of the eye via A-scan ultrasound, and other measurements of ocular parameters. Data collection continues to determine these functional relationships and to understand the relationship between visual experience, eye growth, and refractive status, and the mechanisms that guide those relationships.