Alcohol and Condom Use Resistance in Sexually Coercive/Violent Men

描述（由申请人提供）：新出现的科学证据表明，男性对女性使用性胁迫/暴力（SCV）在风险性决策过程中起着关键作用。此外，独立的研究表明，酒精中毒与暴力和危险的性行为有关。虽然异性恋女性的酒精使用，SCV受害，性风险之间的联系已经得到了适度的研究考虑，异性恋男性的酒精中毒，SCV犯下，和危险的性行为的相互作用很少得到实证的关注。拟议研究的总体目标是：1）通过实证研究男性酒精中毒对其危险和暴力性行为的影响，增加我们对酒精-SCV-危险性行为关系的理解; 2）调查酒精中毒和SCV历史对男性对各种女性安全套使用请求的反应的影响。根据酒精近视理论、酒精期望理论和理性行为和计划行为理论，提出了两个实验来研究酒精[清醒剂，安慰剂]的影响（预期0.04%），中等剂量（0.04%）和高剂量（.08%）]和SCV相关因素对高危男性的结局和规范信念、态度、规范、感知的行为控制和关于避孕套使用抵抗、无保护性行为的意图，和SCV犯罪在一个假设的性情况下与女性伴侣。女性伴侣避孕套要求的因素，如风险理由（实验1）和避孕套要求的风格（实验2），也将被操纵的主题之间。背景因素的作用，如SCV的历史，SCV相关的态度，和酒精的预期，也将进行评估。我们假设，急性酒精中毒，以及SCV相关因素，将影响TRA/TPB相关的结构，这些结构在醉酒状态下的测量将最好地预测现实世界的醉酒性风险行为，通过6周和3个月的后续行为调查的实验参与者。拟议研究的结果将从三个重要方面完善TRA/TPB风险和暴力性行为模型：（1）通过检查酒精和SCV相关因素对相关社会认知结构的影响，（2）通过允许在当前醉酒与清醒状态的背景下对这些TRA/TPB结构进行新的检查，（3）评估安全套要求因素对男性安全套使用抵抗和危险/暴力性行为意图的影响。研究结果对预防计划和临床干预具有启示意义，特别是关于酒精影响的危险性行为和性暴力的预防计划和临床干预。 公共卫生相关性：在美国，两个主要的公共卫生问题涉及性行为：性胁迫/暴力和性传播感染。男性酒精中毒与性暴力和危险性行为的增加有关。因此，拟议的项目具有相关性的妇女和男子的健康，寻求关闭关键的知识差距之间的关系，男子的中毒，性暴力，性风险行为的方式提供信息的性风险和性暴力预防工作。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Emerging scientific evidence demonstrates that men's use of sexual coercion/violence (SCV) against women plays a critical role in risky sexual decision-making processes. Moreover, independent streams of research implicate alcohol intoxication in both violent and risky sexual behavior. Although the linkages among heterosexual women's alcohol use, SCV victimization, and sexual risk have received modest research consideration, the interplay of heterosexual men's alcohol intoxication, SCV perpetration, and risky sexual behavior has received little empirical attention. The overarching objectives of the proposed research are 1) to augment our understanding of the alcohol-SCV-risky sexual behavior nexus through an empirical examination of the influence of men's alcohol intoxication on their commission of risky and violent sexual behaviors and 2) to investigate the effects of alcohol intoxication and SCV history on men's responses to a variety of women's condom use requests. Drawing upon Alcohol Myopia Theory, Alcohol Expectancy Theory, and the Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior (TRA/TPB), two experiments are proposed to investigate the influence of alcohol [Sober, Placebo (expect .04%), Moderate Dose (.04%), and High Dose (.08%)] and SCV-related factors on high risk men's outcome and normative beliefs, attitudes, norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions regarding condom use resistance, unprotected sex, and SCV perpetration in a hypothetical sexual situation with a female partner. Female partner condom request factors, such as risk rationale (Experiment 1) and condom request style (Experiment 2), will also be manipulated between subjects. The role of background factors, such as SCV history, SCV-related attitudes, and alcohol expectancies, will also be assessed. We hypothesize that acute alcohol intoxication, as well as SCV-related factors, will influence TRA/TPB-related constructs and that measurement of these constructs in an intoxicated state will best predict real-world intoxicated sexual risk behavior as examined through 6-week and 3-month follow-up behavioral surveys of experiment participants. Findings from the proposed research will refine TRA/TPB models of risky and violent sexual behavior in three important ways: (1) by examining the influence of alcohol and SCV-related factors on relevant social cognitive constructs, (2) by allowing a novel examination of these TRA/TPB constructs in the context of in-the-moment intoxicated vs. sober states, and (3) by assessing the effects of condom request factors on men's condom use resistance and risky/violent sexual intentions. Findings have implications for preventions programs and clinical interventions, particularly those regarding alcohol- influenced risky sexual behavior and sexual violence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Two major public health concerns in the United States involve sexual behavior: sexual coercion/violence and sexually transmitted infections. Alcohol intoxication in men has been linked to increased sexual violence and increased risky sexual behavior. The proposed project thus has relevance for both women's and men's health by seeking to close key knowledge gaps regarding the relationships among men's intoxication, sexual violence, and sexual risk behavior in ways informative to sexual risk and sexual violence prevention efforts.