SUNLIGHT, NUTRITION, SKIN, AND HUMAN ANCESTRY RELATED TO VITAMIN D EXPOSURE AND

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 非裔美国人的癌症健康差距正在扩大。 维生素D被怀疑在几种癌症和其他慢性疾病中发挥作用，在非洲裔美国人中发病率较高。 这些研究旨在了解这种差异是否是由于维生素D受体（VDR）或VDR反应元件（VDRES）中单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的流行所致。非洲裔美国人和高加索人受试者之间血清维生素D的差异将与VDR基因型（短/短、短/长、长/长）和位于VDR、CYP 24 A1（24-羟化酶）和CYP 3A 4中的VDRE内发生的多态性变体相关。这项研究将在非夏季月份对154名健康的非裔美国人和154名健康的白人宾夕法尼亚州立大学学生参与者进行。 （之前进行了一项试点研究，因此需要额外的104名非洲裔美国人和104名白人参与者。 将评估血清维生素D水平和基因型之间的关联，调整年龄、性别、遗传血统、皮肤反射率（黑色素指数）、日光暴露和血清钙水平。通过基因区域的重新测序并与参考序列进行比较，确定血斑和淋巴细胞DNA中的SNP。皮肤光谱仪（CyberDerm，Media，Pa.，USA）将在每只手臂的上内侧（内侧）使用三次，并对黑色素指数测量值取平均值。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Cancer health disparities among African Americans are increasing. Vitamin D is suspected to play a role in several cancers and other chronic conditions with a higher incidence among African Americans. These studies are aimed at understanding if this disparity is due to prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D receptor (VDR) or VDR response elements (VDREs). Differences in serum vitamin D between African American and Caucasian participants will be associated with VDR genotype (short/short, short/long, long/long) and polymorphic variants occurring within VDRE located in VDR, CYP24A1 (24-hydroxylase), and CYP3A4. This study will be conducted with 154 healthy African American and 154 healthy Caucasian Penn State student participants during non-Summer months. (A pilot study was conducted previously, thus an additional 104 African American and 104 Caucasian participants are necessary.) Association between the serum vitamin D level and genotypes will be evaluated adjusting for age, sex, genetic ancestry, skin reflectance (melanin index), sunlight exposure and serum calcium levels will be determined. The SNPs will be determined in blood spots and lymphocyte DNA by re-sequencing of areas of the genes and comparing to the reference sequences. A DermaSpectrometer (CyberDerm, Media, Pa., USA) will be used three times on the upper inner side (medial aspect) of each arm with melanin index measurements averaged.