SUNLIGHT, NUTRITION, SKIN, AND HUMAN ANCESTRY RELATED TO VITAMIN D EXPOSURE AND

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 非裔美国人之间的癌症健康差距正在扩大。维生素D被怀疑在几种癌症和其他慢性病中发挥作用，在非裔美国人中发病率较高。这些研究旨在了解这种差异是由于维生素D受体(VDR)或VDR反应元件(VDRE)中的单核苷酸多态(SNPs)的流行所致。非裔美国人和高加索人之间血清维生素D的差异将与VDR基因(短/短、短/长、长/长)以及位于VDR、CYP24A1(24-羟基酶)和CYP3A4的VDRE内发生的多态变异有关。这项研究将在非夏季月份对154名健康的非裔美国人和154名健康的高加索宾夕法尼亚州立大学学生进行。(之前进行了一项初步研究，因此需要另外104名非裔美国人和104名高加索人参与。)将根据年龄、性别、遗传血统、皮肤反射率(黑色素指数)、阳光照射和血清钙水平来评估血清维生素D水平与基因类型之间的关系。通过对基因区域进行重新测序并与参考序列进行比较，将确定血斑和淋巴细胞DNA中的SNPs。皮肤光谱仪(赛伯德姆，梅迪亚，美国宾夕法尼亚州)将在每只手臂的上内侧(内侧)使用三次，黑色素指数测量平均值。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Cancer health disparities among African Americans are increasing. Vitamin D is suspected to play a role in several cancers and other chronic conditions with a higher incidence among African Americans. These studies are aimed at understanding if this disparity is due to prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D receptor (VDR) or VDR response elements (VDREs). Differences in serum vitamin D between African American and Caucasian participants will be associated with VDR genotype (short/short, short/long, long/long) and polymorphic variants occurring within VDRE located in VDR, CYP24A1 (24-hydroxylase), and CYP3A4. This study will be conducted with 154 healthy African American and 154 healthy Caucasian Penn State student participants during non-Summer months. (A pilot study was conducted previously, thus an additional 104 African American and 104 Caucasian participants are necessary.) Association between the serum vitamin D level and genotypes will be evaluated adjusting for age, sex, genetic ancestry, skin reflectance (melanin index), sunlight exposure and serum calcium levels will be determined. The SNPs will be determined in blood spots and lymphocyte DNA by re-sequencing of areas of the genes and comparing to the reference sequences. A DermaSpectrometer (CyberDerm, Media, Pa., USA) will be used three times on the upper inner side (medial aspect) of each arm with melanin index measurements averaged.