Pregnancy Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: Research and Prevention

怀孕期间接触环境污染物：研究与预防

• 批准号: 8069831
• 负责人: Tracey J. Woodruff
• 金额: $ 18.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-05 至 2013-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8069831
• 关键词: Pregnancy; Exposure; Environmental; Contaminants; Research

A large and growing literature links exposure to chemicals during specific periods of fetal development with: adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm delivery and low birthweight; childhood illnesses, such as neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer; and later onset of adult disorders, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In addition, large national biomonitoring studies are reporting nearly ubiquitous exposure to numerous environmental contaminants in the US population, raising the question of how exactly people are being exposed and what are the implications. Furthermore, studies of mid-gestation pregnancies confirm that the placenta does not act as a barrier to exogenous chemicals and also indicate that the fetus - at a time when it lacks detoxifying mechanisms - may experience higher levels of exposure than the mother. We propose to assemble a new, integrated, multidisciplinary group of researchers from the biological, clinical and epidemiologic sciences into the UCSF Pregnancy Exposures and Environmental Contaminants Formative Center. The theme of the PEEC Formative Center is to advance our understanding of how exposure to environmental chemicals affects early development using an innovative multidisciplinary approach that 1) integrates research on sources and exposures to environmental chemicals during pregnancy with basic biological research on how chemical exposures may disrupt early development and 2) translates these scientific findings to healthcare providers, policy makers and community groups in order to improve clinical care and promote policies that prevent prenatal exposures to harmful chemicals. Our long term goals are to develop novel techniques for early identification of harmful exposures, to devise novel strategies for the prevention of environmentally mediated diseases, to develop new relationships with health care professionals and community groups to transmit scientific information about the effect of environmental contaminants on early development, and to inspire career choice and advocacy in this important area of prenatal environmental health and research.

越来越多的大量文献将胎儿发育的特定时期接触化学品与以下方面联系起来：不良出生结果，如早产和出生体重不足;儿童疾病，如神经发育障碍和癌症;以及成人疾病的后期发作，如糖尿病和心血管疾病。此外，大型国家生物监测研究报告称， 暴露于众多的环境污染物在美国人口，提出了一个问题，人们究竟是如何暴露和什么是影响。此外，对妊娠中期的研究证实，胎盘对外源性化学物质并不起屏障作用，也表明胎儿--在一个 当它缺乏解毒机制时-可能比母亲经历更高水平的暴露。我们建议组建一个新的、综合的、多学科的研究小组，来自生物学、临床和医学领域。 UCSF妊娠暴露和环境污染物形成中心。 PEEC形成中心的主题是促进我们对环境化学品暴露如何影响早期发育的理解，使用创新的多学科方法，1）将妊娠期间环境化学品来源和暴露的研究与基础生物学研究相结合， 化学品接触可能会破坏早期发育，2）将这些科学发现转化为医疗保健提供者，决策者和社区团体，以改善临床护理和促进防止产前接触有害化学品的政策。我们的长期目标是开发早期识别有害暴露的新技术，设计预防环境介导疾病的新策略，与卫生保健专业人员和社区团体建立新的关系，传播有关环境污染物对早期发育影响的科学信息，并鼓励在产前环境卫生和研究这一重要领域的职业选择和宣传。