EYE-TRACKING STUDIES OF SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT

这个项目的首要目标是研究自闭症谱系障碍婴儿的社会参与 (ASD)通过眼动追踪技术和创新的视觉注意力量化， 自然主义的社会环境。我们将测量（1）观看成人时的视觉注视时间， 婴儿导向的方法，和（2）在观察婴儿期间的时间敏感的视觉扫描模式 参与同伴游戏一组200名12至24个月大的婴儿将与项目2和3共享， 包括ASD婴儿（N=70）、非自闭症发育迟缓（DD）婴儿（N=70）和典型的 发育（TD）（N=60）。ASD和DD队列将在36至48个月时重新评估， 确认诊断和发育结果的测量; TD组将筛查假 消极的那个时候。这项工作建立在我们的发现异常的视觉固定模式，以动态 青少年（R 01 HD 04217）和24- 36个月大的婴儿（U 54 MH 66494，Yale STAART）的社会刺激 关于ASD在这两种情况下，对感兴趣区域（眼睛、嘴巴、身体、物体）的视觉注视总结如下： 同时，社会残疾的标准化措施的强预测因子。在这个项目中，我们建议 将这项研究向下延伸到生命的第二年，这是目前最早可探测的时期 的ASD。我们还建议采用新颖的群体措施，每时每刻的视觉扫描行为 我们的团队开发的，这是特别敏感的时间界定的社会和身体线索发生 在婴儿的周围环境中自然生长。 该项目建立在耶鲁大学ACE的各种核心目标的主题和方法论 应用：（1）研究早期出现的社会化机制，这些机制是潜在的中介 社会和沟通功能的表型;（2）评估其相对于 发展和诊断结果;（3）发展基于性能的筛选方案 for infants婴儿at risk风险for ASD ASD.更广泛地说，我们将探讨这些机制对异质性的作用， 证候表现该项目涉及NIH机构间自闭症的几个关键行动项目 协调委员会，强调婴儿的发育标志物和筛查， 神经发育过程

The overarching goal of this project is to study social engagement in infants with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by means of eye-tracking technology and innovative quantification of visual attention during viewing of naturalistic social situations. We will measure (1) visual fixation time during viewing of adults engaged in infant-directed approaches, and (2) temporally-sensitive visual scanning patterns during viewing of infants engaged in peer play. A cohort of 200 12- to 24-month-old infants will be shared with Projects 2 and 3, consisting of infants with ASD (N=70), non-autistic developmental delays (DD) (N=70) and typical development (TD) (N=60). The ASD and DD cohorts will be re-evaluated at age 36 to 48 months for confirmatory diagnosis and measures of developmental outcome; the TD group will be screened for false negatives at that time. This work builds on our findings of anomalous visual fixation patterns to dynamic social stimuli in adolescents (R01 HD04217) and in 24- to 36-month-olds (U54 MH66494, Yale STAART) with ASD. In both cases, summaries of visual fixation on regions of interest (eyes, mouth, body, object) were strong predictors of concurrent, standardized measures of social disability. In this project, we propose to downward extend this research to the second year of life, which is currently the period of earliest detectability of ASD. We also propose to employ novel group measures of moment-by-moment visual scanning behavior developed by our group, which are particularly sensitive to time-delimited social and physical cues occurring naturallly in infants' surrounding environment. The project builds thematically and methodologically on various core goals of the Yale ACE application: (1) the study of early-emerging mechanisms of socialization that are potential mediating phenotypes of social and communicative functioning; (2) the assessment of their predictive power relative to developmental and diagnostic outcome; and (3) the development of performance-based screening protocols for infants at risk for ASD. More broadly, we will explore the role of these mechanisms on heterogeneity of syndrome manifestation. This project addresses several key action items of the NIH Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee, emphasizing developmental markers and screening in infants, and neurodevelopmental processes.