Immunomodulatory effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids : role in allergy prevention in infancy

omega-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的免疫调节作用：在婴儿期过敏预防中的作用

• 批准号: nhmrc : 353555
• 负责人: A/Pr Charles Hii
• 金额: $ 35.85万
• 依托单位: The University of Western Australia
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2005-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/immunomodulatory-effects-omega-prevention-infancy/78397
• 关键词: Immunomodulatory; effects; omega; polyunsaturated; fatty

The dramatic increase in asthma and allergic disease over the last 20-30 years has highlighted the urgent need to identify associated environmental changes that may also be logical targets for disease prevention. Although this is likely to be multifactorial, one significant change during this period has been a progressive decline in the intake of dietary anti-inflammatory n-3 polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) in Western diets, with a corresponding increase in n-6 PUFA fatty acids. We recently showed for the first time that n-3 PUFA may have more significant effects in very early life before immune responses are fully established. We confirmed that maternal fish oil supplementation (n-40) resulted in significantly higher n-3 PUFA levels in newborns (compared to those with no supplements, n-43), and this was related to reduced immune responses to allergens (such as house dust mite, cat and egg). These observations suggest that n-3 PUFA can modify early immune development. Although this previous study was designed to assess immune outcomes (rather than clinical outcomes) we collected preliminary clinical data for the purposes of this application. We observed a consistent trend for less allergic symptoms and sensitisation in the supplementation group. These observations clearly warrant this proposed study to confirm these clinical effects, and to assess the mechanisms of action in considerably more detail. In this proposed study we will compare the effects of fish oil (n-165) or placebo (n-165) in early infancy (from 0-6 months of age). This much larger population will allow us to determine if increasing dietary n-3 PUFA is a way of reducing the chance of allergy in families where there is a high genetic risk. Approximately 40% of infants in Australia will go on to develop asthma or allergies. Strategies such as this that reduce the risk (even slightly) or the severity of disease expression could have enormous impact in this global context at relatively little cost.

在过去的20-30年里，哮喘和过敏性疾病的急剧增加突出了迫切需要确定相关的环境变化，这些变化也可能是疾病预防的合理目标。虽然这可能是多因素的，但这一时期的一个重大变化是西方饮食中饮食中抗炎n-3多不饱和脂肪（PUFA）的摄入量逐渐下降，而n-6多不饱和脂肪脂肪酸的摄入量相应增加。我们最近首次表明，在免疫反应完全建立之前，n-3 PUFA可能在生命早期有更显著的影响。我们证实，母亲补充鱼油（n-40）导致新生儿的n-3 PUFA水平显著提高（与未补充鱼油（n-43）的新生儿相比），这与对过敏原（如屋尘螨、猫和鸡蛋）的免疫反应降低有关。这些观察结果表明n-3 PUFA可以改变早期免疫发育。虽然先前的研究旨在评估免疫结果（而不是临床结果），但我们收集了初步的临床数据。我们观察到，在补充组中，过敏症状和致敏反应减少的趋势是一致的。这些观察结果清楚地证明了这项拟议的研究可以证实这些临床效果，并更详细地评估其作用机制。在本研究中，我们将比较鱼油（n-165）和安慰剂（n-165）对婴儿早期（0-6个月）的影响。这个更大的人口将使我们能够确定增加饮食中的n-3多聚脂肪酸是否是一种减少高遗传风险家庭过敏几率的方法。在澳大利亚，大约40%的婴儿会患上哮喘或过敏。在这种全球背景下，诸如此类降低风险（即使是轻微降低）或疾病表现严重程度的战略可以以相对较少的成本产生巨大影响。