Updating location information across object and eye movements

更新物体和眼球运动的位置信息

• 批准号: 8009777
• 负责人: Julie D Golomb
• 金额: $ 4.84万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-01 至 2012-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8009777
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Attention; Basic Science; Brain; Categories; Clinical; Code; Complex; Cues; Discrimination; Disease; Dorsal; Eye; Eye Movements; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Health; Individual; Location; Maintenance; Mission; Nature; Pattern; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Psychophysiology; Reliance; Research; Research Training; Role; Saccades; Series; Staging; Stimulus; Stream; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Update; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual system structure; Work; attenuation; base; blood oxygenation level dependent response; directed attention; extrastriate visual cortex; eye center; neuromechanism; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; retinotopic; spatiotemporal; touchscreen; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Effective interaction with our visual world requires us to represent both the identities and locations of objects, and to maintain this information as the objects themselves move, and as our eyes move over the objects. Directing attention toward a behaviorally relevant location facilitates the processing of objects in that location. But what happens if the eyes move while a location is facilitated? With each eye movement, the retinotopic (eye-centered) coordinates of the attended location change while the spatiotopic (world-centered) coordinates remain stable. A set of preliminary experiments revealed that facilitation temporarily remains at the previously relevant retinotopic location, even when the task requires updating to spatiotopic coordinates and the retinotopic location should have been invalidated by the intervening saccade (Golomb et al, 2008). This "retinotopic attentional trace" has been demonstrated for low-level spatial attention and discrimination of simple stimuli across saccades, but does it generalize to sustained representations of complex objects and actions? Aim 1 explores the generality of retinotopic attentional traces in a series of psychophysical experiments that manipulate the type of attention, nature of the coordinate frame shift, and mode of interaction with the stimuli. Aim 2 explores the neural basis of these effects with fMRI using (1) multivariate pattern analysis to determine how different visual areas express basic location information, (2) an ROI- based analysis to explore how representations of attended locations are updated following a saccade, and (3) repetition attenuation to ask how these representations are influenced by top-down demands when object location and/or identity is emphasized. These explorations of the scope, effects, and neural basis of the retinotopic attentional trace should help illuminate the nature of location coding in the visual system and the mechanisms by which the visual system updates location information as eyes and objects move. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Consistent with the NEI mission, this proposal aims to advance basic research in understanding the mechanisms of normal visual function. This research has implications for how the visual system functions in disease in addition to health: a variety of clinical conditions result in deficits at all stages of visual processing addressed by this research, affecting an individual's ability to locate important information in a cluttered scene, to perceive and recognize objects, and to integrate information across eye movements. To apply these findings to clinical populations, however, the basic research outlined in the proposal is necessary to more fully understand how visual locations are updated across object and eye movements in normally functioning adults

描述（由申请人提供）：与我们的视觉世界的有效交互需要我们表示对象的身份和位置，并在对象本身移动时以及在我们的眼睛在对象上移动时保持该信息。将注意力引导到行为相关的位置有助于处理该位置的对象。但是，如果眼睛移动，而一个位置是促进会发生什么？随着每次眼睛移动，关注位置的视网膜位置（以眼睛为中心）坐标改变，而空间位置（以世界为中心）坐标保持稳定。一组初步实验表明，促进作用暂时保持在先前相关的视网膜位置，即使当任务需要更新到空间位置坐标并且视网膜位置应该已经被干预扫视无效时（Golomb等人，2008）。这种“视网膜定位注意痕迹”已被证明为低水平的空间注意和简单的刺激跨越眼跳的歧视，但它是否推广到复杂的对象和动作的持续表示？目的1探讨的一般性retinotopic注意痕迹在一系列的心理物理实验，操纵的注意类型，性质的坐标框架转移，和模式的相互作用与刺激。目的2利用fMRI探索这些效应的神经基础，使用（1）多变量模式分析来确定不同的视觉区域如何表达基本的位置信息，（2）基于ROI的分析来探索在扫视之后如何更新关注位置的表示，以及（3）重复衰减来询问当强调对象位置和/或身份时，这些表示如何受到自上而下需求的影响。这些探索的范围，影响和视网膜定位注意痕迹的神经基础，应有助于照亮视觉系统中的位置编码的性质和视觉系统更新位置信息的眼睛和物体移动的机制。 公共卫生关系：与NEI的使命一致，该提案旨在推进理解正常视觉功能机制的基础研究。这项研究对视觉系统在疾病和健康中的功能有影响：各种临床条件导致本研究所述视觉处理的各个阶段出现缺陷，影响个人在杂乱场景中定位重要信息的能力，感知和识别物体，以及整合眼球运动中的信息。然而，为了将这些发现应用于临床人群，有必要进行提案中概述的基础研究，以更全面地了解功能正常的成年人的视觉位置如何在物体和眼球运动中更新