Updating of attentional topography following eye movements

眼球运动后注意力地形的更新

• 批准号: 7545568
• 负责人: Julie D Golomb
• 金额: $ 4.1万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7545568
• 关键词: Adult; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autistic Disorder; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Clinical; Clutterings; Cognition; Cognitive; Coupled; Disease; Event; Eye; Eye Movements; Hand; Image; Left; Location; Maps; Memory; Mental disorders; Mission; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Numbers; Photic Stimulation; Population; Process; Public Health; Reaction; Research; Residual state; Retina; Role; Saccades; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Smooth Pursuit; Speed; Structure; System; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Update; Visual; Work; design; expectation; eye center; interdisciplinary approach; oculomotor; rapid eye movement; relating to nervous system; research study; retinotopic; spatiotemporal; time interval; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Visual scenes are often cluttered, and we cannot process every detail. Attention and eye movements to relevant objects or locations can speed reactions to important events. Attention and eye movements are often tightly coupled, but what if we attend to one location, while moving our eyes to other parts of a scene? Our image of the world shifts on the retina with each eye movement. What, then, happens to our internal representation of the attended location? Preliminary results indicate that attentional benefits shift with each eye movement, leaving residual attentional benefits at task-irrelevant locations that take 100-200ms to decay. Spatial attention thus appears to be maintained in retinotopic (eye-centered) coordinates immediately after a saccade, even when the task is to hold the spatiotopic (world-centered) coordinates in working memory. This proposal aims to further investigate this preliminary effect to more fully elucidate the updating of attentional topography that takes place following an eye movement. Aim 1 will probe longer time intervals to see if expectation and context influence these timecourses. Aim 1 will also probe the spatial extent of this effect. Aim 2 will investigate shifts in attentional topography under different task demands, including a task in which the retinotopic coordinates are behaviorally relevant to hold in memory, a task utilizing smooth pursuit eye movements instead of saccades, and a task in which the task-relevant location represents the target of a memory-guided saccade. The proposed research thus investigates how a number of cognitive and behavioral systems interact, specifically those involving attention, working memory, and eye movements. It uses a multidisciplinary approach designed to explore the behavioral implications, neural underpinnings, and theoretical models of these interactions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Consistent with the NIMH mission, the proposal aims to advance basic research in understanding how a normally functioning brain can integrate top-down cognitive motivation (in the form of attention or working memory demands) with bottom-up changes in visual stimulation. Given that both cognitive and oculomotor deficits are present in a variety of mental illnesses, it is possible that the ability to sustain attention across eye movements may function abnormally in such diseases as ADHD, autism, and schizophrenia. To apply these findings to clinical populations, however, the basic research outlined in the proposal is necessary to more fully understand interactions between eye movements and cognition in normally functioning adults.

描述（由申请人提供）：视觉场景通常是混乱的，我们无法处理每个细节。对相关物体或位置的注意力和眼球运动可以加速对重要事件的反应。注意力和眼球运动通常是紧密相连的，但如果我们注意到一个位置，而把我们的眼睛移到场景的其他部分呢？我们对世界的印象随着眼睛的每一次运动而在视网膜上发生变化。那么，我们对参与地点的内部表示会发生什么变化呢？初步结果表明，注意力收益随着每次眼球运动而转移，在与任务无关的位置留下剩余的注意力收益，需要100- 200 ms才能衰减。因此，空间注意力似乎在眼跳后立即保持在视网膜位置（以眼睛为中心）坐标中，即使任务是在工作记忆中保持空间位置（以世界为中心）坐标。这项建议旨在进一步研究这种初步的效果，以更充分地阐明注意地形图的更新，发生在眼球运动。目标1将探索更长的时间间隔，看看预期和背景是否会影响这些时间进程。目标1还将探讨这种影响的空间范围。目标2将调查在不同的任务要求下，注意地形图的变化，包括任务中的视网膜坐标的行为相关的记忆，任务利用平滑的追求眼球运动，而不是眼跳，任务中的任务相关的位置代表的目标的记忆引导眼跳。因此，拟议的研究调查了一些认知和行为系统如何相互作用，特别是那些涉及注意力，工作记忆和眼球运动的系统。它采用多学科的方法，旨在探索这些相互作用的行为影响，神经基础和理论模型。与NIMH的使命一致，该提案旨在推进基础研究，了解正常运作的大脑如何将自上而下的认知动机（以注意力或工作记忆需求的形式）与视觉刺激的自下而上的变化相结合。鉴于认知和视力缺陷都存在于各种精神疾病中，在注意力缺陷多动障碍、自闭症和精神分裂症等疾病中，维持眼球运动注意力的能力可能会异常。然而，为了将这些发现应用于临床人群，提案中概述的基础研究对于更充分地了解正常功能成人的眼球运动和认知之间的相互作用是必要的。