Updating location information across object and eye movements

更新物体和眼球运动的位置信息

• 批准号: 7810170
• 负责人: Julie D Golomb
• 金额: $ 4.56万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-01 至 2012-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7810170
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Attention; Basic Science; Brain; Categories; Clinical; Code; Complex; Cues; Discrimination; Disease; Dorsal; Eye; Eye Movements; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Health; Individual; Location; Maintenance; Mission; Nature; Pattern; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Psychophysiology; Reliance; Research; Research Training; Role; Saccades; Series; Staging; Stimulus; Stream; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Update; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual system structure; Work; attenuation; base; blood oxygenation level dependent response; directed attention; extrastriate visual cortex; eye center; neuromechanism; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; retinotopic; spatiotemporal; touchscreen; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Effective interaction with our visual world requires us to represent both the identities and locations of objects, and to maintain this information as the objects themselves move, and as our eyes move over the objects. Directing attention toward a behaviorally relevant location facilitates the processing of objects in that location. But what happens if the eyes move while a location is facilitated? With each eye movement, the retinotopic (eye-centered) coordinates of the attended location change while the spatiotopic (world-centered) coordinates remain stable. A set of preliminary experiments revealed that facilitation temporarily remains at the previously relevant retinotopic location, even when the task requires updating to spatiotopic coordinates and the retinotopic location should have been invalidated by the intervening saccade (Golomb et al, 2008). This "retinotopic attentional trace" has been demonstrated for low-level spatial attention and discrimination of simple stimuli across saccades, but does it generalize to sustained representations of complex objects and actions? Aim 1 explores the generality of retinotopic attentional traces in a series of psychophysical experiments that manipulate the type of attention, nature of the coordinate frame shift, and mode of interaction with the stimuli. Aim 2 explores the neural basis of these effects with fMRI using (1) multivariate pattern analysis to determine how different visual areas express basic location information, (2) an ROI- based analysis to explore how representations of attended locations are updated following a saccade, and (3) repetition attenuation to ask how these representations are influenced by top-down demands when object location and/or identity is emphasized. These explorations of the scope, effects, and neural basis of the retinotopic attentional trace should help illuminate the nature of location coding in the visual system and the mechanisms by which the visual system updates location information as eyes and objects move. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Consistent with the NEI mission, this proposal aims to advance basic research in understanding the mechanisms of normal visual function. This research has implications for how the visual system functions in disease in addition to health: a variety of clinical conditions result in deficits at all stages of visual processing addressed by this research, affecting an individual's ability to locate important information in a cluttered scene, to perceive and recognize objects, and to integrate information across eye movements. To apply these findings to clinical populations, however, the basic research outlined in the proposal is necessary to more fully understand how visual locations are updated across object and eye movements in normally functioning adults

描述（由申请人提供）：与我们的视觉世界进行有效的互动，需要我们同时代表物体的身份和位置，并在物体本身移动时保持这些信息，当我们的眼睛在物体上移动时。将注意力引向与行为相关的位置有助于处理该位置的物体。但是，如果眼睛在一个方便的位置移动会发生什么呢？随着每次眼球运动，被观察位置的视位坐标（以眼为中心）发生变化，而空间坐标（以世界为中心）保持稳定。一组初步实验表明，即使任务需要更新到空间位坐标，并且视网膜位位置本应被干预的扫视所无效，促进作用也会暂时停留在先前相关的视网膜定位位置（Golomb et al, 2008）。这种“视网膜定位的注意痕迹”已经被证明是低水平的空间注意和跨扫视的简单刺激的辨别，但它是否可以推广到复杂物体和动作的持续表征？目的1探讨了一系列心理物理实验中视网膜定位注意痕迹的普遍性，这些实验操纵了注意的类型、坐标框架移动的性质以及与刺激的相互作用模式。目标2通过fMRI探索这些效应的神经基础，使用(1)多变量模式分析来确定不同视觉区域如何表达基本位置信息，(2)基于ROI的分析来探索在扫视后出席地点的表征如何更新，以及(3)重复衰减来询问当强调物体位置和/或身份时，这些表征如何受到自上而下需求的影响。这些对视网膜定位注意轨迹的范围、效果和神经基础的探索将有助于阐明视觉系统中位置编码的本质，以及视觉系统在眼睛和物体移动时更新位置信息的机制。