Updating location information across object and eye movements

更新物体和眼球运动的位置信息

• 批准号: 8204749
• 负责人: Julie D Golomb
• 金额: $ 3.74万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8204749
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Attention; Basic Science; Brain; Categories; Clinical; Code; Complex; Cues; Discrimination; Disease; Dorsal; Eye; Eye Movements; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Health; Individual; Location; Maintenance; Mission; Nature; Pattern; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Psychophysiology; Reliance; Research; Research Training; Role; Saccades; Series; Staging; Stimulus; Stream; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Update; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual system structure; Work; attenuation; base; blood oxygenation level dependent response; directed attention; extrastriate visual cortex; eye center; neuromechanism; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; retinotopic; spatiotemporal; touchscreen; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Effective interaction with our visual world requires us to represent both the identities and locations of objects, and to maintain this information as the objects themselves move, and as our eyes move over the objects. Directing attention toward a behaviorally relevant location facilitates the processing of objects in that location. But what happens if the eyes move while a location is facilitated? With each eye movement, the retinotopic (eye-centered) coordinates of the attended location change while the spatiotopic (world-centered) coordinates remain stable. A set of preliminary experiments revealed that facilitation temporarily remains at the previously relevant retinotopic location, even when the task requires updating to spatiotopic coordinates and the retinotopic location should have been invalidated by the intervening saccade (Golomb et al, 2008). This "retinotopic attentional trace" has been demonstrated for low-level spatial attention and discrimination of simple stimuli across saccades, but does it generalize to sustained representations of complex objects and actions? Aim 1 explores the generality of retinotopic attentional traces in a series of psychophysical experiments that manipulate the type of attention, nature of the coordinate frame shift, and mode of interaction with the stimuli. Aim 2 explores the neural basis of these effects with fMRI using (1) multivariate pattern analysis to determine how different visual areas express basic location information, (2) an ROI- based analysis to explore how representations of attended locations are updated following a saccade, and (3) repetition attenuation to ask how these representations are influenced by top-down demands when object location and/or identity is emphasized. These explorations of the scope, effects, and neural basis of the retinotopic attentional trace should help illuminate the nature of location coding in the visual system and the mechanisms by which the visual system updates location information as eyes and objects move. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Consistent with the NEI mission, this proposal aims to advance basic research in understanding the mechanisms of normal visual function. This research has implications for how the visual system functions in disease in addition to health: a variety of clinical conditions result in deficits at all stages of visual processing addressed by this research, affecting an individual's ability to locate important information in a cluttered scene, to perceive and recognize objects, and to integrate information across eye movements. To apply these findings to clinical populations, however, the basic research outlined in the proposal is necessary to more fully understand how visual locations are updated across object and eye movements in normally functioning adults

描述（由申请人提供）：与我们的视觉世界的有效互动需要我们表示对象的身份和位置，并随着对象本身的移动以及我们的眼睛移动对象时保持此信息。将注意力引向行为相关的位置，有助于该位置的对象处理。但是，如果促进位置时，眼睛移动会发生什么？随着每次眼睛的运动，所在位置变化的视网膜（以眼睛为中心的）坐标发生变化，而时空（以世界为中心）的坐标保持稳定。一组初步的实验表明，即使任务需要更新到时空坐标，促进临时仍保留在先前相关的视网膜位置，并且视网膜位置应因中间的扫视而无效（Golomb等人，2008年）。已经证明了这种“视网膜注意事物痕迹”，用于跨扫视的低级空间注意力和简单刺激的歧视，但是它是否概括为复杂物体和动作的持续表示？ AIM 1在一系列心理物理实验中探讨了视网膜注意痕迹的一般性，这些实验操纵了注意力的类型，坐标框架移位的性质以及与刺激的相互作用方式。 AIM 2使用（1）多元模式分析探索了通过fMRI探索这些效果的神经基础，以确定不同的视觉区域表达基本位置信息，（2）基于ROI的分析，以探索扫视后如何更新所在位置的ROI分析，以及（3）如何重复衰减以询问这些表示形式如何受到对象的位置和/或身份的范围，并询问这些表征如何受到对象的位置和/或认同的态度。视网膜注意迹线的范围，效果和神经基础的这些探索应有助于阐明视觉系统中位置编码的性质以及视觉系统随着眼睛和对象的移动而更新位置信息的机制。 公共卫生相关性：与NEI任务一致，该提案旨在提高基础研究，以了解正常视觉功能的机制。这项研究对视觉系统除了健康外如何在疾病中的功能具有影响：多种临床状况导致本研究所解决的视觉处理的各个阶段的缺陷，影响了个人在混乱场景中定位重要信息的能力，以感知和识别对象，并识别跨眼动信息。但是，要将这些发现应用于临床人群，提案中概述的基础研究是必要的，以便更充分地了解如何在正常运作的成年人中更新视觉位置。