Neural and perceptual mechanisms of spatial stability across eye movements

项目摘要 这项研究的首要目标是更好地了解人类视觉系统，以及物体如何 它们的位置在大脑中被感知和表征。该提案调查了一个基本的 我们视觉系统的挑战：视觉信息是相对于眼睛编码的，但眼睛是 不断移动。那么，我们如何实现空间稳定性呢？世界似乎并不“跳跃”与 每一个眼球运动，但这种无缝的感知掩盖了一个复杂的计算过程。此外，委员会认为， 空间定位不是一个孤立的过程;它与注意力、物体识别、深度感知 记忆、认知控制等等。为了理解视觉稳定性，我们需要考虑两者 空间信息如何在眼球运动中被表示（或“重新映射”），以及空间信息如何在眼球运动中被表示（或“重新映射”）。 与这些其他流程集成在一起。根据先前的奖项进行的研究在两个关键方面取得了长足的进步 沿着这些方向：了解2D空间信息如何与深度信息集成 考虑3D中的空间稳定性，并揭示空间重新映射如何影响特征/对象感知。在 本研究计划下一阶段，我们将在此基础上研究空间和物体 眼动的稳定性-以及更广泛的整合-特别关注以下角色 动态上下文和自上而下的注意力控制。在目标1中，我们采用fMRI-EEG融合方法， 研究视觉皮层和海马体中的3D稳定性和对象整合，假设 动态的、主动的扫视上下文可以促进增强的视觉整合和稳定性。接下来，我们进一步 发展PI的重映射双聚光灯理论（Golomb，2019），并探索自上而下的作用 注意力控制的重新映射和知觉稳定性（目标2）。最后，我们开发了一个新的基于模型的 神经影像分析技术，使未来的进展持续不太容易处理的方面，这一点 问题（目标3）。拟议中的实验努力继续改变我们对视觉的理解 稳定性，特别是它如何与其他感知和认知过程的接口，这些过程对我们的 理解人类的感知和大脑功能。这里提出的研究将立即产生 影响了我们对健康人群典型视觉功能的理解。这些进步 也可能对各种临床应用产生长期影响，告知我们的知识， 评估由眼部疾病、损伤、脑损伤和发育/衰老引起的视觉障碍。

Project Summary The overarching goal of this research is to better understand the human visual system, and how objects and their locations are perceived and represented in the brain. The proposal investigates a fundamental challenge for our visual systems: Visual information is coded relative to the eyes, but the eyes are constantly moving. How, then, do we achieve spatial stability? The world does not appear to “jump” with each eye movement, but this seamless percept belies a complicated computational process. Moreover, spatial localization is not an isolated process; it interacts with attention, object recognition, depth perception, memory, cognitive control, and more. In order to understand visual stability, we need to account for both how spatial information is represented (or “remapped”) across eye movements, and how spatial information is integrated with these other processes. Research under the prior award made strong strides in two key directions along these lines: understanding how 2D spatial information is integrated with depth information to consider spatial stability in 3D, and revealing how spatial remapping impacts feature/object perception. In the next stage of this research program, we build on this momentum to investigate spatial and object stability across eye movements – and their integration more broadly – with a special focus on the roles of dynamic context and top-down attentional control. In Aim 1 we employ an fMRI-EEG fusion approach to investigate 3D stability and object integration in visual cortex and the hippocampus, hypothesizing that dynamic, active saccade context may promote enhanced visual integration and stability. Next, we further develop the PI’s Dual-Spotlight Theory of remapping (Golomb, 2019) and explore the role of top-down attentional control in remapping and perceptual stability (Aim 2). Finally, we develop a new model-based neuroimaging analysis technique to enable future progress on persistently less tractable aspects of this question (Aim 3). The proposed experiments strive to continue to transform our understanding of visual stability, particularly how it interfaces with other perceptual and cognitive processes that are central to our understanding of human perception and brain function. The research proposed here will have an immediate impact on our understanding of typical visual functioning in healthy human populations. These advances could also have a longer-term impact on a variety of clinical applications, informing our knowledge and assessment of visual disorders resulting from eye disease, injury, brain damage, and development/aging.