Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Cognitive Function, Dementia Risk, an

与交通相关的空气污染对认知功能、痴呆风险、认知功能的影响

• 批准号: 8126381
• 负责人: Joel Daniel Kaufman
• 金额: $ 7.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-10 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8126381
• 关键词: Address; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Ancillary Study; Animals; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain Diseases; Caliber; Carbon Black; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Censuses; Cephalic; Child; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communities; Coronary heart disease; Data; Databases; Dementia; Development; Digit structure; Disease; Elderly; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Exposure to; Funding; Geographic Information Systems; Health; Human; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Individual; Infarction; Inflammation; Injury; Light; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurologic; Neurological outcome; Nitrogen Dioxide; Outcome; Ozone; Participant; Particulate Matter; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phenotype; Play; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Prevalence; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Stroke; Structure; Sulfur Dioxide; Testing; Time; Vascular Dementia; Vascular Diseases; Vehicle Emissions; White Matter Disease; Work; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; cognitive function; cohort; design; eligible participant; follow-up; high risk; interest; member; mental state; mortality; neurobehavioral; pollutant; population based; public health relevance; residence; response; trafficking; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Long-term exposure to air pollution, particularly traffic-related air pollution, is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Less is known about the impact of these exposures on neurodegenerative disorders. Evidence suggests that systemic inflammation, a response to which the brain is particularly vulnerable, may mediate cardiovascular effects, suggesting that neurodegenerative disorders may also be subject to this environmental injury. Although other studies have shown associations between underlying vascular pathology and neurodegeneration, the effects of air pollution on the brain have been studied in a limited manner thus far. We propose to investigate associations between air pollution exposure, cognitive decline and risk of dementia, and MRI-detected brain abnormalities in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a large, NHLBI-funded longitudinal study of coronary heart disease and stroke in older adults. This proposal takes advantage of the unique population-based phenotypic resource of brain MRI and cognitive assessment in CHS. In collaboration with an existing CHS ancillary study on air pollution and risk of cardiovascular disease, we will expand upon estimates of exposure to air pollutants produced by vehicle emissions to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and neurological outcomes. Outcomes will include cognitive performance, prevalent and incident dementia (both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia), presence of MRI-detected brain abnormalities including brain infarcts and white matter disease, and changes in these measures over time. Drawing on investigator expertise in cognitive function and dementia, brain MRI findings, and the health effects of air pollution, the proposed project provides a unique opportunity to examine air pollution effects on the brain. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The prevalence of cognitive decline and dementia in the elderly is extremely high. Research suggests that environmental factors may play a role in the development of disease; however, little work has examined the potential contribution of air pollution, and particularly traffic-related air pollutants, to neurodegeneration. This study will combine investigator expertise in exposure modeling with a uniquely rich database of longitudinally measured neurological outcomes, to examine the effects of air pollution on the brain in a large, geographically diverse population of older adults. This research is highly significant in light of the pervasiveness of air pollution exposure, its demonstrated links to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and the recognized associations between underlying vascular disease and cognitive decline and dementia.

描述(由申请人提供)：长期暴露于空气污染，特别是与交通相关的空气污染，与心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率有关。关于这些暴露对神经退行性疾病的影响，人们知之甚少。有证据表明，全身性炎症--大脑对此特别脆弱的反应--可能会介导心血管效应，这表明神经退行性疾病也可能受到这种环境损伤的影响。尽管其他研究表明潜在的血管病理和神经退化之间存在关联，但到目前为止，空气污染对大脑的影响研究还很有限。我们建议在心血管健康研究(CHS)中调查空气污染暴露、认知能力下降和痴呆症风险以及MRI检测到的脑异常之间的关系。CHS是一项由NHLBI资助的关于老年人冠心病和中风的大型纵向研究。这一建议利用了CHS独特的基于人群的脑MRI和认知评估的表型资源。我们会与社区卫生服务中心现有的一项有关空气污染与心血管疾病风险的辅助研究合作，扩大对车辆废气产生的空气污染物的估计，以评估空气污染与神经系统结果之间的关系。结果将包括认知表现、普遍和偶发的痴呆症(阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆症)、是否存在MRI检测到的大脑异常，包括脑梗塞和白质疾病，以及这些指标随着时间的变化。利用研究人员在认知功能和痴呆症、大脑核磁共振结果以及空气污染对健康影响方面的专业知识，拟议的项目提供了一个独特的机会来检查空气污染对大脑的影响。 公共卫生相关性：老年人认知功能减退和痴呆症的患病率极高。研究表明，环境因素可能在疾病的发展中发挥作用；然而，很少有人研究空气污染，特别是与交通相关的空气污染物对神经退化的潜在贡献。这项研究将结合研究人员在暴露建模方面的专业知识和一个独特的丰富的纵向测量神经结果数据库，以检查空气污染对大量不同地理位置的老年人大脑的影响。鉴于空气污染暴露的普遍性，它与心血管发病率和死亡率的联系，以及公认的潜在血管疾病与认知能力下降和痴呆症之间的关联，这项研究具有非常重要的意义。