Design and Optimization of Dedicated Computed Tomography of the Breast

乳腺专用计算机断层扫描的设计与优化

• 批准号: 8073116
• 负责人: SRINIVASAN VEDANTHAM
• 金额: $ 32.7万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-06 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8073116
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Address; Algorithms; Biomedical Engineering; Biopsy; Breast; Breast Cancer Risk Factor; Breast Cancer Treatment; Breast Microcalcification; Clinical; Collaborations; Coupled; Data; Detection; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diagnostic Imaging; Digital Mammography; Dose; Effectiveness; Film; Health; Image; Imagery; Implant; Lesion; Lesion by Morphology; Low Dose Radiation; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammary Gland Parenchyma; Mammography; Masks; Massachusetts; Mastectomy; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Metric; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Noise; Operative Surgical Procedures; Organ; Patients; Positioning Attribute; Property; Radiation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Retinal Cone; Scanning; Scheme; Screening procedure; Source; Specimen; Staging; Structure; System; Techniques; Technology; Therapeutic Agents; Three-Dimensional Imaging; Tissues; Translating; Tumor Volume; Universities; Utah; Validation; Visual; Woman; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; design; detector; ergonomics; human subject; image reconstruction; improved; in vivo; malignant breast neoplasm; medical schools; minimally invasive; prospective; prototype; reconstruction; sample fixation; simulation; therapeutic effectiveness; tool; tumor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This bioengineering research grant is responsive to PA-07-279 (reissue of PA-06-419). It is a collaboration between the University of Massachusetts Medical School and the Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research at University of Utah. Superposition of breast structures in screen-film and digital mammography may result in missed cancers due to 'masking' effect, or may mimic the presence of a lesion resulting in additional imaging or biopsy. Dedicated breast Computed Tomographic (CT) imaging of the breast can overcome this superposition problem, and provide much improved contrast, thus improving lesion detectability. Further, breast CT can be performed at low radiation dose (equivalent to mammography) with no or minimal physical compression of the breast, alleviating patient discomfort. It can provide for 3-D lesion morphology, which could serve as a diagnostic indicator, and for better quantitative assessment of breast glandular content, a likely risk factor for breast cancer. This work is focused on design and optimization of a dedicated breast CT system. Specifically, the research plan is to address known challenges in breast CT, such as maximizing the inclusion of breast tissue within scan field, determining appropriate source-detector trajectory with consideration for data completeness and reconstruction complexity, and developing noise suppression schemes to improve microcalcification visibility. The research plan includes determining optimal patient position for maximizing breast tissue inclusion, implementation of several image acquisition trajectories and appropriate reconstruction algorithms, comprehensive mathematical simulation and optimization of critical system and reconstruction parameters. Complete characterization of the improvement achieved on a bench-top system will be performed through observer-independent physical metrics and through surgical mastectomy specimen-based observer studies. The results from this study will provide for an ergonomic design and optimized image acquisition and reconstruction technique that can be readily translated to a clinical imaging system. A well-designed dedicated breast CT system can serve as a platform technology for screening and diagnostic imaging, implant imaging, 3-D presurgical planning, monitoring preoperative treatment, and guidance in minimally invasive surgery. We believe our approach will have a major impact on the detection and management of breast cancer. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Volumetric 3-D imaging with a dedicated breast CT system has the potential to be an effective tool to overcome the tissue superposition problem in mammography which results in missed cancers and unnecessary recall of the patient for additional imaging, and for monitoring the effectiveness of therapeutic treatments. However, there are known challenges such as maximizing breast tissue inclusion during the scan, visualization of microcalcifications due to image noise and loss of contrast, and cone- beam artifacts. In this research, we propose to develop methods to overcome these challenges and demonstrate the improved image quality obtained with such methods.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项生物工程研究赠款对PA-07-279（PA-06-419重新发行）响应。这是马萨诸塞大学医学院与犹他大学高级成像研究中心之间的合作。屏幕膜和数字乳房X线摄影中乳房结构的叠加可能会导致由于“掩盖”效果而导致癌症丢失，或者可能模仿病变的存在，从而导致其他成像或活检。乳房的专用乳房计算机断层扫描（CT）成像可以克服这个叠加问题，并提供大大改善的对比度，从而提高病变的可检测性。此外，乳房CT可以以低辐射剂量（相当于乳房X线摄影）进行，而没有对乳房的身体压缩或最少的身体压缩，从而减轻了患者的不适。它可以提供3-D病变的形态，可以用作诊断指标，并可以更好地评估乳腺含量的定量评估，这是乳腺癌的可能风险因素。这项工作的重点是专用乳腺CT系统的设计和优化。具体而言，研究计划是解决乳腺CT中已知的挑战，例如最大化乳腺组织在扫描场内的包含，确定适当的源探测器轨迹，并考虑到数据的完整性和重建复杂性，以及开发抑制噪声方案以提高微钙化可见性。研究计划包括确定最大化乳腺组织纳入的最佳患者位置，实施多种图像采集轨迹以及适当的重建算法，全面的数学模拟以及关键系统和重建参数的优化。将通过独立于观察者的物理指标和基于手术乳房切除术标本的观察者研究来进行台式系统上的改进的完整表征。这项研究的结果将提供符合人体工程学设计和优化的图像采集和重建技术，可以轻松地转化为临床成像系统。精心设计的专用乳房CT系统可以用作筛查和诊断成像，植入成像，3-D预性计划，监测术前治疗以及微创手术的指导的平台技术。我们认为，我们的方法将对乳腺癌的检测和管理产生重大影响。公共卫生相关性：具有专用乳腺CT系统的体积3-D成像具有克服乳房X线摄影中组织叠加问题的有效工具，从而导致癌症错过，并不必要对患者进行额外的影像检查，并监测治疗治疗的有效性。然而，存在已知的挑战，例如在扫描过程中最大化乳腺组织包含，由于图像噪声和对比度丢失而导致的微钙化的可视化以及圆锥形伪像。在这项研究中，我们建议开发克服这些挑战的方法，并证明使用这种方法获得的图像质量的改善。

项目成果

Reduction of coil mass artifacts in high-resolution flat detector conebeam CT of cerebral stent-assisted coiling.

• DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3561
• 发表时间: 2013-11
• 期刊: AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
• 作者: van der Bom IM;Hou SY;Puri AS;Spilberg G;Ruijters D;van de Haar P;Carelsen B;Vedantham S;Gounis MJ;Wakhloo AK
• 通讯作者: Wakhloo AK