Gene-Environment interplay and childhood obesity: An Adoption study.

基因-环境相互作用和儿童肥胖：一项收养研究。

• 批准号: 8186819
• 负责人: Jody M. Ganiban
• 金额: $ 59.87万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8186819
• 关键词: 9 year old; Accounting; Adoption; Affect; Age; Attenuated; Behavioral Genetics; Birth; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Competence; Data; Date of birth; Development; Emotional; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Family; Food Preferences; Fostering; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Models; Genetic Risk; Growth; Growth and Development function; Intervention; Knowledge; Light; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Malnutrition; Mediating; Mediation; Modeling; Obesity; Overweight; Parenting behavior; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Persons; Physical activity; Prevention; Prevention program; Probability; Problem behavior; Psychopathology; Relative (related person); Relative Risks; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Shapes; Techniques; Telephone; Testing; Translating; Weight; adopted child; base; cohort; design; early childhood; early onset; experience; feeding; intervention program; meetings; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; obesogenic; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal risk factor; programs; prospective; sedentary; success; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The number of obese children in the US has increased dramatically over the past thirty years. Most efforts to reverse this trend, however, have not been effective. Two factors may underlie their limited success. First, most programs do not take into account children's personal risk for obesity, including their genetic and prenatal risks. Second, there is little information about factors that predict weight trajectories during childhood. The proposed study tests a comprehensive developmental model of obesity that incorporates child-based (genetic, prenatal) and family-based (parenting practices and modeling) risk factors for obesity, and seeks to identify constellations of risk that predict unhealthy vs. healthy weight trajectories. Furthermore, the degree to which the postnatal environment mediates, mitigates or amplifies the expression of child-based risks for obesity is examined. As such, this study represents a first step in developing new prevention programs that can consider children's weight trajectories in light of their unique vulnerabilities and needs. The proposed research is an extension of the ongoing Early Growth and Development study (EGDS). EGDS is a prospective, longitudinal study of adoptive children, along with their birth parents and adoptive families. Because adoptive children's postnatal environments are distinct from their prenatal environments and genetic risk, the unique and interactive contributions of genes, prenatal, and postnatal factors to child development can be clarified in adoption studies. EGDS has focused on the origins of child emotional and behavioral problems and competence. This proposal seeks to extend the scope of EGDS to include childhood obesity EGDS is comprised of two participant cohorts, for a total sample of 561 sets of adopted children, and their birth and adoptive parents. Cohort I includes 361 sets (birth dates between January 2003 - January 2006; R01-HD042608, PI Leve), and Cohort II includes 200 sets (birth dates between May 2007 and May 2009; R01- DA020585, PI Neiderhiser). EGDS has been funded to assess Cohort I children and adoptive families from child age 9 months through 8 years, and Cohort II children and adoptive families from child age 9 months to 6 years (R01-MH92118, PIs Leve, Neiderhiser). Birth parents from both Cohorts have also been assessed on an ongoing basis since 3 months post-partum. The specific aims of the proposed extension of EGDS are to: (1) Identify genetic, prenatal, and postnatal environmental predictors of weight trajectories from 2-9 years of age; and (2) Test postnatal environmental mediation and moderation models for children's weight trajectories. The proposed research will use growth and prenatal data collected during previous assessments, and gather new data related to children's growth, and behavioral, genetic and postnatal family risks for obesity when children are between 7 and 9 years of age. Analyses will combine data from both Cohorts. This research will enhance understanding of the contributions of genetic, prenatal and postnatal risks to weight trajectories, and of postnatal environments that are most likely to foster healthy weights in the presence of genetic or prenatal risk. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed adoption study examines the relative impacts of genetic, prenatal and environmental obesity risk factors on young children's weight trajectories. This study will enhance knowledge of the origins of childhood obesity, and the impact of environmental factors on the expression of genetic and prenatal risks.

描述（由申请人提供）：过去三十年来，美国肥胖儿童的数量急剧增加。然而，大多数扭转这一趋势的努力并未取得成效。他们的成功有限可能有两个因素。首先，大多数计划没有考虑儿童的个人肥胖风险，包括遗传和产前风险。其次，关于预测儿童时期体重轨迹的因素的信息很少。拟议的研究测试了一个全面的肥胖发展模型，该模型纳入了基于儿童（遗传、产前）和基于家庭（养育方式和建模）的肥胖风险因素，并试图确定预测不健康与健康体重轨迹的风险群。此外，还检查了产后环境介导、减轻或放大儿童肥胖风险表达的程度。因此，这项研究代表了制定新的预防计划的第一步，该计划可以根据儿童独特的脆弱性和需求来考虑儿童的体重轨迹。 拟议的研究是正在进行的早期生长和发育研究（EGDS）的延伸。 EGDS 是一项针对收养儿童及其亲生父母和收养家庭的前瞻性纵向研究。由于收养儿童的产后环境不同于其产前环境和遗传风险，因此可以在收养研究中阐明基因、产前和产后因素对儿童发展的独特且相互作用的贡献。 EGDS 专注于儿童情绪和行为问题及能力的根源。该提案旨在扩大 EGDS 的范围，将儿童肥胖纳入其中。 EGDS 由两个参与者队列组成，样本总数为 561 组收养儿童及其亲生父母和养父母。队列 I 包括 361 组（出生日期在 2003 年 1 月至 2006 年 1 月之间；R01-HD042608，PI Leve），队列 II 包括 200 组（出生日期在 2007 年 5 月至 2009 年 5 月之间；R01-DA020585，PI Neiderhiser）。 EGDS 已获得资助，用于评估 9 个月至 8 岁儿童的第一组儿童和收养家庭，以及 9 个月至 6 岁儿童的第二组儿童和收养家庭（R01-MH92118，PIs Leve，Neiderhiser）。自产后 3 个月以来，两个队列的亲生父母也接受了持续评估。拟议扩展 EGDS 的具体目标是： (1) 确定 2-9 岁体重轨迹的遗传、产前和产后环境预测因素； (2) 测试儿童体重轨迹的产后环境调节和调节模型。拟议的研究将使用之前评估期间收集的生长和产前数据，并收集与儿童生长以及 7 至 9 岁儿童的行为、遗传和产后家庭肥胖风险相关的新数据。分析将结合两个队列的数据。这项研究将加深对遗传、产前和产后风险对体重轨迹的影响的理解，以及在存在遗传或产前风险的情况下最有可能促进健康体重的产后环境。 公共健康相关性：拟议的收养研究调查了遗传、产前和环境肥胖风险因素对幼儿体重轨迹的相对影响。这项研究将增进对儿童肥胖起源以及环境因素对遗传和产前风险表达的影响的了解。