Gene-Environment interplay and childhood obesity: An Adoption study.

基因-环境相互作用和儿童肥胖：一项收养研究。

• 批准号: 8186819
• 负责人: Jody M. Ganiban
• 金额: $ 59.87万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8186819
• 关键词: 9 year old; Accounting; Adoption; Affect; Age; Attenuated; Behavioral Genetics; Birth; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Competence; Data; Date of birth; Development; Emotional; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Family; Food Preferences; Fostering; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Models; Genetic Risk; Growth; Growth and Development function; Intervention; Knowledge; Light; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Malnutrition; Mediating; Mediation; Modeling; Obesity; Overweight; Parenting behavior; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Persons; Physical activity; Prevention; Prevention program; Probability; Problem behavior; Psychopathology; Relative (related person); Relative Risks; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Shapes; Techniques; Telephone; Testing; Translating; Weight; adopted child; base; cohort; design; early childhood; early onset; experience; feeding; intervention program; meetings; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; obesogenic; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal risk factor; programs; prospective; sedentary; success; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The number of obese children in the US has increased dramatically over the past thirty years. Most efforts to reverse this trend, however, have not been effective. Two factors may underlie their limited success. First, most programs do not take into account children's personal risk for obesity, including their genetic and prenatal risks. Second, there is little information about factors that predict weight trajectories during childhood. The proposed study tests a comprehensive developmental model of obesity that incorporates child-based (genetic, prenatal) and family-based (parenting practices and modeling) risk factors for obesity, and seeks to identify constellations of risk that predict unhealthy vs. healthy weight trajectories. Furthermore, the degree to which the postnatal environment mediates, mitigates or amplifies the expression of child-based risks for obesity is examined. As such, this study represents a first step in developing new prevention programs that can consider children's weight trajectories in light of their unique vulnerabilities and needs. The proposed research is an extension of the ongoing Early Growth and Development study (EGDS). EGDS is a prospective, longitudinal study of adoptive children, along with their birth parents and adoptive families. Because adoptive children's postnatal environments are distinct from their prenatal environments and genetic risk, the unique and interactive contributions of genes, prenatal, and postnatal factors to child development can be clarified in adoption studies. EGDS has focused on the origins of child emotional and behavioral problems and competence. This proposal seeks to extend the scope of EGDS to include childhood obesity EGDS is comprised of two participant cohorts, for a total sample of 561 sets of adopted children, and their birth and adoptive parents. Cohort I includes 361 sets (birth dates between January 2003 - January 2006; R01-HD042608, PI Leve), and Cohort II includes 200 sets (birth dates between May 2007 and May 2009; R01- DA020585, PI Neiderhiser). EGDS has been funded to assess Cohort I children and adoptive families from child age 9 months through 8 years, and Cohort II children and adoptive families from child age 9 months to 6 years (R01-MH92118, PIs Leve, Neiderhiser). Birth parents from both Cohorts have also been assessed on an ongoing basis since 3 months post-partum. The specific aims of the proposed extension of EGDS are to: (1) Identify genetic, prenatal, and postnatal environmental predictors of weight trajectories from 2-9 years of age; and (2) Test postnatal environmental mediation and moderation models for children's weight trajectories. The proposed research will use growth and prenatal data collected during previous assessments, and gather new data related to children's growth, and behavioral, genetic and postnatal family risks for obesity when children are between 7 and 9 years of age. Analyses will combine data from both Cohorts. This research will enhance understanding of the contributions of genetic, prenatal and postnatal risks to weight trajectories, and of postnatal environments that are most likely to foster healthy weights in the presence of genetic or prenatal risk. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed adoption study examines the relative impacts of genetic, prenatal and environmental obesity risk factors on young children's weight trajectories. This study will enhance knowledge of the origins of childhood obesity, and the impact of environmental factors on the expression of genetic and prenatal risks.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的三十年中，美国的肥胖儿童人数急剧增加。但是，扭转这一趋势的大多数努力尚未有效。他们的成功有限的两个因素可能是其有限的。首先，大多数计划没有考虑到儿童肥胖的个人风险，包括其遗传和产前风险。其次，几乎没有关于预测儿童期体重轨迹的因素的信息。拟议的研究测试了肥胖的综合发展模型，该模型纳入了肥胖症的基于儿童（遗传，产前）和基于家庭的（育儿实践和建模）风险因素，并试图确定预测不健康与健康体重轨迹的风险星座。此外，研究了产后环境介导，减轻或放大肥胖风险的表达的程度。因此，这项研究是开发新的预防计划的第一步，这些计划可以根据其独特的脆弱性和需求来考虑儿童的体重轨迹。 拟议的研究是正在进行的早期增长和发展研究（EGD）的扩展。 EGD是一项对养育儿童的前瞻性，纵向研究，以及他们的亲生父母和收养家庭。由于收养儿童的产后环境与他们的产前环境和遗传风险不同，因此可以在收养研究中阐明基因，产前和产后因素的独特和互动贡献。 EGD专注于儿童情感和行为问题和能力的起源。该提案旨在扩大EGD的范围，以包括儿童肥胖EGD由两个参与者的同类组成，总共有561套被收养子女的样本，以及他们的出生和养父母。队列I包括361套（2003年1月至2006年1月之间的出生日期； R01-HD042608，PI LEVE）和COHORT II包括200套（2007年5月至2009年5月之间的出生日期； R01- DA020585，PI NeiderHiser）。 EGD的资金是为了评估9个月至8岁的儿童的我的儿童和收养家庭，以及从9个月至6岁的孩子开始的COHORT II儿童和收养家庭（R01-MH92118，PIS Leve，Neiderhiser）。自从三个月以来，来自两个队列的亲生父母也一直在不断评估。 EGD提议扩展的特定目的是：（1）确定2-9岁年龄段的体重轨迹的遗传，产前和产后环境预测指标； （2）针对儿童体重轨迹测试产后环境中介和适度模型。拟议的研究将使用以前评估期间收集的生长和产前数据，并收集与儿童成长以及儿童7至9岁之间的行为，遗传和产后家庭风险有关的新数据。分析将结合来自两个队列的数据。这项研究将增强对遗传，产前和产后风险对体重轨迹的贡献的理解，以及在存在遗传或产前风险的情况下最有可能促进健康体重的产后环境。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的收养研究研究了遗传，产前和环境肥胖危险因素对幼儿体重轨迹的相对影响。这项研究将增强对儿童肥胖的起源的了解，以及环境因素对遗传和产前风险表达的影响。