Improving Biopsies using Magnetic Nanoparticles

描述（由申请人提供）：在患有急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）的儿童和患有骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）的老年患者中，测量微小残留病（MRD）以在早期阶段监测化疗的进展是极其重要的。这些测量确定了预后、疗效和治疗水平。检测和监测的常规方法是通过骨髓活检。不幸的是，这种方法需要多次活检以获得足够的样本，并且必须定期进行活检以监测治疗。通过使用适当标记的磁性纳米颗粒和使用磁性收集方法，可以显著提高活检的效率。这些抗体标记的磁性纳米颗粒寻找并附着在癌细胞上，然后可以通过磁性收集。该授权申请描述了该活检技术背后的方法，该活检技术使用智能磁性活检针，使得可以显著提高活检的效率以及对特定白血病癌症类型的特异性，但也包括骨髓中转移性罕见癌细胞的采样。通过使用涂有抗癌剂的磁性纳米颗粒和磁性浓缩，在癌症部位的直接治疗干预是可能的。公共卫生相关：用于疾病检测的纳米技术，用于靶向疾病的磁性纳米颗粒，用于骨髓活检的磁针

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In children with acute lymphomatic leukemia (ALL) and in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with older patients it is extremely important to measure the minimal residual disease (MRD) to monitor the progress of chemotherapy at early stages Such measurements determine the prognosis, efficacy, and levels of the treatment. The normal method for detection and monitoring is through bone marrow biopsies. Unfortunately, this method requires multiple biopsies to obtain sufficient samples and these must be made at periodic intervals to monitor the treatment. It is possible to substantially improve the efficiency of biopsies through the use of appropriately labeled magnetic nanoparticles and using magnetic collection methods. These antibody-labeled magnetic nanoparticles seek out, and attach themselves to, cancer cells, which can then be collected magnetically. This grant application describes the methodology behind this biopsy technique using a }smart} magnetic biopsy needle making it possible to substantially increase the efficiency of the biopsy as well as the specificity for particular leukemia cancer types but also including the sampling of metastatic rare cancer cells in the marrow. By using magnetic nanoparticles coated with anti-cancer agents and magnetically concentrated, direct therapeutic intervention at the cancer site is possible. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Nanotechnology for Disease Detection, Magnetic Nanoparticles for targeting Disease, Magnetic Needle for Bone Marrow Biopsy